George C. Gaines, PhD

Treesearch Publications

• Sean MP. Cahoon, KaDonna Randolph, George C. Gaines, Susan Crocker, Valerie Thomas, Holly Munro. 2026. Advancing forest inventory science for enhanced insights into tomorrow’s forests
• Holly L. Munro, Christopher W. W. Woodall, William R. L. Anderegg, Colin M. Beier, Bronson P. Bullock, Kendall DeLyser, David D. Diaz, Bianca N.I. Eskelson, Margaret E. K. Evans, Jeff W. Atkins, John D. Foppert, Bryan C. Foster, Thomas R. Fox, Jereme M. Frank, Robert E. Froese, George C. Gaines, Peter Gould, Temesgen Hailemariam, Edie Sonne Hall, Katherine A. A. Heckman, Eileen Helmer, J. Aaron Hogan, Coeli Hoover, Stephen M. Kinane, David W. MacFarlane, Lara T. Murray, Gregory Paradis, Krishna P. Poudel, Stephen P. Prisley, James L. Rakestraw, Hector Restrepo, Ajay Sharma, John D. Shaw, Erin Smith-Mateja, Curtis L. VanderSchaaf, Can Vatandaslar, Aaron R. Weiskittel, Sheng-I. Yang. 2025. Challenges and Strategic Recommendations for Enhancing Quantification and Projection of Forest Carbon Dynamics
• Elliot S. Shannon, Andrew O. Finley, Paul B. May, Grant M. Domke, Hans-Erik Andersen, George C. Gaines, Arne Nothdurft, Sudipto Banerjee. 2025. Leveraging national forest inventory data to estimate forest carbon density status and trends for small areas
• David L.R. Affleck, George C. Gaines. 2025. Recognizing van Deusen’s mixed estimator for annual forest inventory as a linear mixed model
• David L. R. Affleck, George C. Gaines. 2024. Mill and landbase attributes condition response rates to timber product output surveys in the western United States
• Paul B. May, Ralph O. Dubayah, Jamis M. Bruening, George C. Gaines. 2024. Connecting spaceborne lidar with NFI networks: A method for improved estimation of forest structure and biomass
• David L. R. Affleck, George C. Gaines. 2023. Model-assisted domain estimation of postfire tree regeneration in the western US using nearest neighbor techniques

Citations of Non-Forest Service Publications

• Gaines III, George C., and David LR Affleck. 2021. Small area estimation of postfire tree density using continuous forest inventory data. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change 4:761509.
• Gaines III, George C. & Affleck, D. L. R. Small area estimation of post-fire tree regeneration using the Forest Inventory & Analysis plot network.Celebrating progress, possibilities, and partnerships: Proceedings of the 2019 Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Science Stakeholder Meeting; 2019 November 19-21; Knoxville, TN, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Southern Research Station, 2020, 83-85.
• Affleck, David LR, and George C. Gaines III. 2023. Model-assisted domain estimation of postfire tree regeneration in the western US using nearest neighbor techniques. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 53.12: 981-995.
• Affleck, David LR, and George C. Gaines III. 2024. Mill and Landbase Attributes Condition Response Rates to Timber Product Output Surveys in the Western United States. Forest Science 70.1: 14-22.
• May, Paul B., Ralph O. Dubayah, Jamis M. Bruening, and George C. Gaines III. 2024. Connecting spaceborne lidar with NFI networks: A method for improved estimation of forest structure and biomass. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 129: 103797.
• Shannon, E. S., A. O. Finley, G. M. Domke, P. B. May, H. E. Andersen, George C. Gaines III, & S. Banerjee. 2024. Toward spatio-temporal models to support national-scale forest carbon monitoring and reporting. Environmental Research Letters, 20(1), 014052.
• White, G. W., J. K. Yamamoto, D. H. Elsyad, J. F. Schmitt, N. H. Korsgaard, J. K. Hu, George C. Gaines III, Tracey S. Frescino, and Kelly S. McConville. 2025. Small area estimation of forest biomass via a two-stage model for continuous zero-inflated data. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 55: 1-10.
• Affleck, D. L. R., and George C. Gaines III. 2025. Recognizing van Deusen’s mixed estimator for annual forest inventory as a linear mixed model. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 00:1-15.
• Shannon, E. S., A. O. Finley, P. B. May, G. M. Domke, H. E. Andersen, George C. Gaines III, A. Nothdurft & S. Banerjee. 2025. Leveraging national forest inventory data to estimate forest carbon density status and trends for small areas. Forest Ecology and Management, 596: 014052.
• Munro, H. L.,...George C. Gaines III,...& Yang, S. I. (2025). Challenges and Strategic Recommendations for Enhancing Quantification and Projection of Forest Carbon Dynamics. Journal of Forestry, 1-32.
• Affleck, D.L.R., George C. Gaines III, C. Conroy, G. Santino, A.J. Larson. 2025. Inventory Measurement Rates Lag in Wilderness Areas Across the Western USA. Forest Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44391-025-00047-3

Articles

• Article
  

  Improving annual estimates of key forest attributes

  https://research.fs.usda.gov/rmrs/articles/improving-annual-estimates-key-forest-attributes

• University of Montana, Ph.D., Forestry and Conservation Sciences, 2021
• University of Montana, Bachelor Of Science, Forest Resource Management, 2014