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LaRue-Pine Hills/Otter Pond

Status
Established
Year Established
1991

Location

State
Illinois
National Forest Regions
Eastern Region (R9)
LaRue-Pine Hills-Otter Pond RNA--Floodplain. Photo by Chad Deaton.
Artwork that shows a river flowing between two rock walls. Text says 50 Years - 1974-2024 LaRue - Pine Hills Research Natural Area - National Natural Landmark

50 Years - 1974-2024 LaRue - Pine Hills Ecological Area - National Natural Landmark

Ecological and Physical Description

Size
2,585ac (1,046ha)
Elevation Range
650' (198m) - 840' (256m)
Temperature Range
27°F (-3°C) - 88°F (31°C)
Primary Features

The LaRue-Pine Hills/Otter Pond RNA is the most diverse area in Illinois with 14 natural communities, eight of which are of high to very high quality a large area.  The RNA is well buffered with relatively undisturbed natural community types, outstanding geological features, and many rare plants and animals. There are four candidate Regional Forester's Sensitive species, 23 Shawnee National Forest Listed Species, and 29 Shawnee National Forest Listed animals recorded from the area. There are 37 Illinois rare, Threatened, or Endangered plant and animal species in the area. Furthermore, the area contains more plant species than any other site of comparable size and is considered to be one of the most outstanding natural areas in the Midwest . The Federally Endangered Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) and American bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) are observed here. Candidate Regional Forester's Sensitive species known in the area are Price's groundnut (Apios priceana), Arkansas manna grass (Glyceria arkansana), pale manna grass (Puccinellia pallida), and giant sedge (Carex gigantea). The entire Illinois population of woodrat (Neotoma floridana) is found here.

Annual Precipitation

Annual precipitation averages 46 inches (116 cm), 54% of which falls between April and September. Average seasonal snowfall is 13 inches (33 cm).

Nearest Weather Station

Climatological information is taken from the collection station at Anna, IL, which is located 10 miles (16.1 km) southeast of the RNA.

Geology and Soils

Siliceous limestone of the Devonian Bailey formation forms the high cliffs of Pine Hills. Also present is chert from the Grassy Knob formation, which forms some of the lookouts on the cliffs. Pleistocene-age loess mantles the ridge crest. Sediments in the LaRue wetland have not been examined. Soils in the bottomlands are of the Karnak-Darwin-Jacob association and are clayey, alluvial sediments. Upland soils are Goss-Alford cherty silt-loam on the surface with a cherty, clayey subsoil.

Aquatic Features

At the base of Pine Hills bluff, several springs occur at the floodplain level. The source of these springs may be from sinkholes in the Hutchins Creek area. These springs contain a healthy spring cavefish population. The LaRue wetland is characterized by the winding form characteristic of horseshoe lakes. The swamp represents the meandering course of the Big Muddy River before it was intersected by the Grand Tower bend of the Mississippi River. Several man-made structures modify the waterflow in the area.

Flora and Fauna

Common Plant Species

Common Animal Species

Last updated April 29, 2024