What happens to living cull trees left after heavy cutting in mixed hardwood stands?

Abstract

In the Appalachian Mountains, the logging operator usually cuts only those trees that he thinks will yield a profit, and leaves the trees that appear to be unprofitable. Generally these unprofitable trees are either below merchantable size or are culls-trees of merchantable size that contain too little sound material to justify harvesting costs.

Citation

Trimble, George R., Jr.; Smith, Henry Clay. 1963. What happens to living cull trees left after heavy cutting in mixed hardwood stands?. Research Note NE-12. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 1-6