Download (PDF 261 KB): https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/12131.pdf
Abstract
Beech bark disease was first discovered in Michigan in spring 2000 in Ludington State Park and soon thereafter it was found in the upper peninsula in the bass Lake campground. since then, surveyshave found it in six counties in Michigan. Beech bark disease involves two exotic organisms: the beech bark scale (
Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind.; Eriococcidae) and fungal pathogens in the genus
Nectria. Both the sap-feeding scale insect and one species of the
Nectria fungus originated from Europe and were accidentally introduced into Nova Scotia on ornamental beech imported from Europe in 1890. Since then the scale and the fungus have slowly spread through the New England states, Pennsylvania, west Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Ohio, Quebec, Ontario, and now Michigan.
Citation
Poland , Therese M.; McCullough, Deborah G.; Petrice, Toby R.; Siegert, Nathan W. 2001. Overview on the pest status and research plans on beech bark disease: A new exotic in Michigan. Newsletter of the Michigan Entomological Society. Vol. 46 no. 3.:p. 10. (2001)