A social ecology approach to understanding urban ecosystems and landscapes

Morgan Grove; Karen E. Hinson; Robert J. Northrop

Treesearch

A social ecology approach to understanding urban ecosystems and landscapes

Informally Refereed

Authors:

Morgan Grove, Karen E. Hinson, Robert J. Northrop

Year:

2003

Type:

Scientific Journal

Station:

Northern Research Station

Source:

In: Berkowitz, Alan R.; Nilon, Charles H.; Hollweg, Karen S., eds. Understanding Urban Ecosystems; A New Frontier for Science and Education: New York, NY: Springer-Verlag New York. 167-186.

Download (PDF 4.51 MB)

Download (PDF 4.51 MB): https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/18977.pdf

Abstract

The shape and dynamics of cities are the result of physical, biological, and social forces. We include the term dynamic to emphasize that cities change over time and are the result of both idiosyncratic events and dominant trends. To begin to understand the patterns and processes of cities, we approach the idiosyncratic and dominant - whether it is physical, biological, or social - within an historic context.

Citation

Grove, J. Morgan; Hinson, Karen E.; Northrop, Robert J. 2003. A social ecology approach to understanding urban ecosystems and landscapes. In: Berkowitz, Alan R.; Nilon, Charles H.; Hollweg, Karen S., eds. Understanding Urban Ecosystems; A New Frontier for Science and Education: New York, NY: Springer-Verlag New York. 167-186.