Production & germination of paper birch seed and its dispersal into a forest opening

John C. Bjorkbom; John C. Bjorkbom

Treesearch

Production & germination of paper birch seed and its dispersal into a forest opening

Informally Refereed

Authors:

John C. Bjorkbom, John C. Bjorkbom

Year:

1971

Type:

Research Paper

Station:

Northern Research Station

Source:

Res. Pap. Ne-209. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 14 p.

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Download (PDF 1.93 MB): https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/23689.pdf

Abstract

Knowledge of the seed-crop characteristics of paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) is essential to the success of carefully planned silvicultural measures aimed at the natural regeneration of this species. In general, we know how much seed is produced, when it is dispersed, and what its germination characteristics are. But more specific information about all three factors is needed to provide silviculturists with a sound basis for developing methods of regenerating paper birch that forest managers can apply successfully.

Citation

Bjorkbom, John C. 1971. Production & germination of paper birch seed and its dispersal into a forest opening. Res. Pap. Ne-209. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 14 p.