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Abstract
Data from six western States provided 1,251 life tables representing western spruce budworm,
Chodstoneura occidentalis Freeman. These data provided projection capabilities for defoliation and successive budworm densities, as well as a basis for comparing survival rates among the three principal North American needle-eating budworms (western and eastern spruce budworms, and the jack pine budworm). Several modifications are suggested in current methods for managing budworm-susceptible forests, and suggestions are provided for further studies on the budworm life systems.
Keywords
Western spruce budworm,
eastern spruce budworm,
jack pine budworm,
life table,
population dynamics,
survival,
site and stand attributes,
interstand influences,
year-to-year changes,
insecticide treatment,
weather,
Choristoneura,
predators,
birds,
ants,
density dependence,
host defenses,
hazard rating
Citation
Campbell, Robert W. 1993. Population dynamics of the major North American needle-eating budworms. Res. Pap. PNW-RP-463. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 242 p
