The balsam woolly aphid problem in Oregon and Washington.

Abstract

A European insect, commonly called the balsam woolly aphid or chermes, is damaging and killing true fir (Abies) in western Oregon and Washington. Some 350,000 acres are known to be infested. Tree killing has reached the point where concerted action is needed. Major salvage plans are being developed by private, state, and federal forest managers to utilize as much of the dead and dying timber as possible. Studies of the insect and means of controlling it are underway and are being expanded.

Citation

Johnson, Norman E.; Wright, Kenneth H. 1957. The balsam woolly aphid problem in Oregon and Washington. USDA Forest Service PNW Old Series Research Paper No. 18: 1-34