Animal damage to conifers on national forests in the Pacific Northwest region.

Abstract

Animal damage to conifers is a timely topic in the Pacific Northwest. Foresters in this Region are increasingly concerned and perplexed by damage caused by animals to natural and planted seedlings and larger growing stock. Nearly every animal inhabiting for st land is believed to injure seedlings and small trees to some degree. Mice girdle small trees, and bears girdle larger ones. Pocket gophers pull seedlings down into their burrows, and elk pull them up out of the ground. Hare and rabbits clip trees near the soil surface, and mountain beaver cut them several feet up the stem.

Citation

Crouch, Glenn L. 1969. Animal damage to conifers on national forests in the Pacific Northwest region. Res. Bull. PNW-RB-028. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 13 p