Download (PDF 232 KB): https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/32005.pdf
Abstract
Paper materials consist of a porous web of cellulose polymeric fibers held together by entanglement and fiber-to-fiber bonding. These materials usually contain lignin and hemicellulose carbohydrates remaining from the pulping process. Pulped fibers are a flattened ribbon shape on the order of 30 microns wide, 10 microns thick and from one to four mm long. Paper web porosity typically varies between 30 and 60% by volume. All of these features increase the anisotropy and non-homogeneity of paper materials and complicate the characterization of mechanical properties. The z-direction modulus of paper is an important property as it can affect calendaring and printing processes as well as performance of laminated paper products, such as postage stamps. Acknowledging the above, the present paper discusses the use of nanoindentation to measure the z-direction stiffness of paper.
Keywords
Anisotropy,
porosity,
carbohydrates,
paper,
mechanical properties,
testing,
hemicellulose,
nanostructured materials,
microstructure,
nanotechnology,
cellulose fibers,
papermaking,
review article,
z-direction,
nanoindentation,
stiffness
Citation
West, B.F.; Hotle, B.T.; Jakes, J.E.; Considine, J.M.; Rowlands, R.E.; Turner, K.T. 2008. Nanoindentation studies of paper. Proceedings : progress in paper physics seminar : June 2-5, 2008, Helsinki University of Technology (TKK), Espoo, Finland. [Espoo, Finland] : Helsinki University of Technology, [2008]: pages 163-168.
