Return of salmon-derived nutrients from the riparian zone to the stream during a storm in southeastern Alaska

Abstract

Spawning salmon deliver nutrients (salmon-derived nutrients, SDN) to natal watersheds that can be incorporated into terrestrial and aquatic food webs, potentially increasing ecosystem productivity. Peterson Creek, a coastal watershed in southeast Alaska that supports several species of anadromous fish, was sampled over the course of a storm during September 2006 to test the hypothesis that stormflows reintroduce stored SDN into the stream. We used stable isotopes and PARAFAC modeling of fluorescence excitation-emission spectroscopy to detect flushing of DOM from salmon carcasses in the riparian zone back into a spawning stream. During the early storm hydrograph,streamwater concentrqtions of NH₄-N and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), the fluorescent protein tyrosine and the δ¹⁵N content of DOM peaked, followed by a rapid decrease during maximum streamflow. Although δ¹⁵N has previously been used to track SDN in riparian zones, the use of fluorescence spectroscopy provides an independent indicator that SDN are being returned from the riparian zone to the stream after a period of intermediate storage outside the stream channel. Our findings further demonstrate the utility of using both δ¹⁵N of streamwater DOM and fluorescence spectroscopy with PARAFAC modeling to monitor how the pool of streamwater DOM changes in spawning salmon streams.

Citation

Fellman, Jason B.; Hood, Eran; Edwards, Rick T.; D'Amore, David V. 2008. Return of salmon-derived nutrients from the riparian zone to the stream during a storm in southeastern Alaska. Ecosystems. 11: 537-544