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Status report: biological control of swallow-worts

Informally Refereed
Download (PDF 122 KB): https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/34407.pdf

Abstract

Two swallow-worts (Vincetoxicum nigrum and V. rossicum), originating from Europe, have become established in the eastern United States and Canada. Swallow-worts are herbaceous perennials that persist in a variety of habitat types in North America although their distribution in Europe is restricted. In North America, populations of V. nigrum grow in open habitats and along forest margins whereas V. rossicum penetrates dense forests. Their population expansion and aggressive growth threaten native biodiversity and disrupt ecological processes.

Parent Publication

Citation

Weed, Aaron S.; Casagrande, Richard A.. 2009. Status report: biological control of swallow-worts