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Abstract
Kalapuya is described as a new, monotypic truffle genus in the Morchellaceae known only from the Pacific northwestern United States. Its relationship to other hypogeous genera within Morchellaceae is explored by phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal LSU and EFlα protein coding region. The type species,
K. brunnea, occurs in Douglas-fir forests up to about 50 y old on the west slope of the Cascade Range in Oregon and in the Coastal Ranges of Oregon and northern California. It has a roughened, warty, reddish brown to brown peridium, a solid whitish gleba that develops grayish brown mottling as the spores mature, and produces a cheesy-garlicky odor at maturity. Its smooth, ellipsoid spores resemble those of
Morchella spp, but are much larger. The four hypogeous genera known in the Morchellaceae,
Kalapuya, Fischerula, Imaia and
Leucangium, are distinct from the epigeous genera
Morchella and
Verpa, but it is uncertain whether they resulted from a single transition to a hypogeous fruiting habit or from multiple independent transitions.
Kalapuya, locally known as the Oregon brown truffle, has been commercially harvested for culinary use.
Keywords
Ascomycota,
Douglas-fir,
hypogeous fungus,
Fischerula,
Leucangium,
LSU,
rDNA,
EFlα,
Morchellaceae,
Pezizales,
taxonomy,
truffle
Citation
Trappe, Matthew J.; Trappe, James M.; Bonito, Gregory M. 2010.
Kalapuya brunnea gen. & sp. nov. and its relationship to the other sequestrate genera in Morchellaceae. Mycologia. 102(5): 1058-1065.
