Forest Phytophthora diseases in the Americas: 2007 - 2010

Abstract

Recent findings, policy, regulation, and management relating to tree disease caused by Phytophthora species in wildlands and nurseries of North and South America are reviewed. These include the isolation of Phytophthora alni uniformis Brasier & S.A.Kirk in Alaska, and detection of population shifts in NA1, NA2 and EU1 clonal lineages of Phytophthora ramorum Werres, de Cock, & In’t Veld. The dissemination of Phytophthora ramorum from infested nurseries in water run-off presents a challenge for forest and plantation management. In the United States, forest Phytophthoras are viewed as a biosecurity threat and are monitored by the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service but tools designed to protect forests and nurseries need refinement. In Mexico, Phytophthora cinnamomi Rand is recognised as a threat to Quercus forests. The Phytophthora pinifolia Alv. Durán, Gryzenh. & M.J.Wingf. epidemic in Chilean Pinus radiata D.Don plantations has receded. Work with Phytophthora austrocedrae Gresl. & E.M.Hansen continues in Argentina.

Citation

Frankel, S. J., Hansen; E. M. 2011. Forest Phytophthora diseases in the Americas: 2007 - 2010. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science, 41S, S159-S167