Naturalness, privacy, and restorative experiences in wilderness: An integrative model

William E. Hammitt

Treesearch

Naturalness, privacy, and restorative experiences in wilderness: An integrative model

Informally Refereed

Authors:

William E. Hammitt

Year:

2012

Type:

Proceedings

Station:

Rocky Mountain Research Station

Source:

In: Cole, David N., comp. Wilderness visitor experiences: Progress in research and management; 2011 April 4-7; Missoula, MT. Proc. RMRS-P-66. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station p. 62-69.

Download (PDF 393 KB)

Download (PDF 393 KB): https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/40909.pdf

Abstract

It is suggested that the wilderness experience is a restorative experience that results from the interconnectivity between naturalness/ remoteness and privacy/unconfinement and the four components essential for an environment to be restorative. A model-framework is offered to illustrate the linkages among the environmental, social, and restoration components of wilderness experiences, and the consequences/ threats to the wilderness experience. It is concluded that the wilderness manager of the future will be a "human dimensions restoration manager," with a role not much different from that of restoration ecologists, restoration architects, and restoration psychologists.

Parent Publication

Wilderness visitor experiences: Progress in research and management; 2011 April 4-7; Missoula, MT

Keywords

management frameworks, recreation management, research methods, solitude, technology, visitor density, wilderness experience

Citation

Hammitt, William E. 2012. Naturalness, privacy, and restorative experiences in wilderness: An integrative model. In: Cole, David N., comp. Wilderness visitor experiences: Progress in research and management; 2011 April 4-7; Missoula, MT. Proc. RMRS-P-66. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station p. 62-69.