Insect enemies of birch

Abstract

Native birches are subject to attack by insects at all stages of growth from the germinating seedling to the mature tree. All parts of the tree—roots, stem, branches, foliage, and even the developing seed—may be utilized as feeding sites by insects of one kind or another. An enumeration of the many insects recorded in the literature as feeders on birch might be impressive in numbers but would contribute little to this symposium. Rather, it would seem more appropriate to consider a few representative kinds of insects that are responsible for particular types of injury, to indicate their relative importance and the need for control.

Parent Publication

• Birch symposium proceedings

Citation

Conklin, James G. 1969. Insect enemies of birch. In: Doolittle, W.T.; Bruns, P.E., comps. 1969. Birch symposium proceedings; 1969 August 19-21; Durham, NH. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station: 151-154.