Commercialization of cellulose nanofibril (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC): pathway and challenges

Abstract

The status of pilot-scale production methods for cellulose nanorods or nanocrystals and the 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-0xyl (TEMPO) grade of cellu— lose nanofibrils are discussed. Both products appear to be poised for scale-up when markets develop, but there are a number of issues that need to be addressed. This chapter outlines concepts for conversion to continuous processes and other issues and concerns that need to be resolved for investments in commercial-scale pro- duction facilities. For large-scale production of cellulose nanocrystals, topic items include site selection, materials of construction, diafiltration, and acid recovery. For production of TEMPO grade fibrils, concerns include site selection, materi- als of construction, reaction kinetics relative to plant design, shear sensitivity of the treated pulp, and TEMPO recovery. Drying concerns are a significant problem in that currently practiced methods are energy intensive and do not provide readily dispersibleKGaA

Citation

Rudie, Alan. 2017. Commercialization of cellulose nanofibril (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC): pathway and challenges. In: Kargarzadeh, Hanieh; Ahmad, Ishak; Thomas, Sabu; Duiresne, Alain; eds. Handbook of nanocellulose and cellulose nanocomposites, first edition. Chapter 23. 761-797.