Environmental factors affecting natural regeneration of Engelmann spruce in the central Rocky Mountains

Daniel L. Noble; Robert R. Alexander

doi:10.1093/forestscience/23.4.420

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Environmental factors affecting natural regeneration of Engelmann spruce in the central Rocky Mountains

Formally Refereed

Authors:

Daniel L. Noble, Robert R. Alexander

Year:

1977

Type:

Scientific Journal

Station:

Rocky Mountain Research Station

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/23.4.420

Source:

Forest Science. 23(4): 420-429.

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Download (PDF 193 KB): https://research.fs.usda.gov/download/treesearch/65262.pdf

Abstract

Natural regeneration success of Engelmann spruce in clearcut openings, with adequate seed, is controlled by weather and aspect and modified by seedbed conditions. Small clearcut openings of 1-2 hectares can be successfully regenerated on north exposures with mineral soil seedbeds and shade. However, successful natural regeneration in openings on south aspects is not possible, and shade is absolutely essential for any survival. Drought was the most serious cause of mortality, but significant losses also resulted from heat girdle, frost heaving, and clipping by birds.

Keywords

Picea engelmannii, Abies lasiocarpa, clearcutting, seedling ecology

Citation

Noble, Daniel L.; Alexander, Robert R. 1977. Environmental factors affecting natural regeneration of Engelmann spruce in the central Rocky Mountains. Forest Science. 23(4): 420-429.