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Abstract
Effects of roads in forested ecosystems span direct physical and ecological ones (such as geomorphic and hydrologic effects), indirect and landscape level ones (such as effects on aquatic habitat, terrestrial vertebrates, and biodiversity conservation), and socioeconomic ones (such as passive-use value, economic effects on development and range management). Road effects take place in the contexts of environmental settings, their history, and the state of engineering practices, and must be evaluated in those contexts for best management approaches.
Keywords
PSW4351,
roads,
roadless areas,
forest ecosystems,
geomorphology,
hydrology,
habitat fragmentation,
biodiversity,
nonmarket values,
heritage values,
economic development,
grazing,
mineral resources,
fire
Citation
Gucinski, Hermann; Furniss, Michael J.; Ziemer, Robert R.; Brookes, Martha H. 2001. Forest roads: A synthesis of scientific information. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-509. Portland, Oregon: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service. 103 p.