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- Our analysis of 61 versions of the Great Basin (GB) Indigenous oral-history narrative, Theft of Pine Nuts , provides valuable new paleoecological insights into late Pleistocene (LP) and Holocene biogeography of pinyon pine ( Pinus monophylla ). Pinyon homelands indicated by Indigenous sources were located not only within the current pinyon distribution but also north of the known range, in northern California and Nevada, southern Oregon and Idaho, and western Wyoming. These extramarginal pinyon locations corroborate and expand a Western science hypothesis that proposed LP or Early Holocene...AuthorsConnie I. Millar, David Hurst Thomas, Misty Benner, Donna Cossette, Herman Fillmore, Diane Teeman, Wilson WewaKeywordsSourceQuaternary ResearchYear2026
- Leaf phenology in evergreen wet tropical forests reflects diverse life history strategies. Even as forest canopies maintain year‐round cover, individual species undergo distinct, asynchronous cycles of leaf turnover. Understanding the timing and drivers of leaf turnover is essential for predicting climate change impacts and informing conservation. In a wet montane forest in Hawai‘i dominated by Metrosideros polymorpha (‘ōhi‘a lehua), a resource‐conservative species, and Acacia koa (koa), a resource‐acquisitive species, we investigated species‐ and season‐specific leaf turnover. We aimed to...AuthorsShannon L. J. Bayliss, Craig Anderson, Melanie Leilā Dudley, Creighton M. Litton, Christian P. Giardina, Stephanie PauKeywordsSourceBiotropicaYear2026
- Wildfire activity and associated greenhouse gas emissions are increasing across US forests as climate change intensifies fire weather and fuel aridity. These trends challenge forest-based natural climate solutions (NCS) that prioritize carbon accumulation without accounting for wildfire-driven disturbance risk. We synthesize current science and regional expert knowledge to define fire-adapted NCS as forest-based climate mitigation strategies that reduce long-term wildfire emissions while sustaining forest carbon, sequestration capacity, and ecosystem function under changing climate and...AuthorsCharles M Truettner, Kendall DeLyser Roney, Lisa M Markovchick, Elizabeth R Pansing, Xanthe J Walker, Michelle C Mack, Nicholas T Link, Mitch Sternberg, Matthew D Hurteau, T Ryan McCarley, Kenneth J Davidson, Hugh Safford, Katharyn A Duffy, Nicole Molinari, Derek J Churchill, Patrick Holmes, Rose A Graves, Danny Norlander, Marin E Chambers, Solomon Z Dobrowski, John S Gunn, Christina M Restaino, Samuel W Flake, Clay Trauernicht, Antony S Cheng, Camille S Stevens-Rumann, Kerry L Metlen, Christian P. Giardina, Victoria M Donovan, Leslie Boby, Jed Meunier, Caitlin Littlefield, Miranda D Redmond, Brian E Jackson, Christopher W Swanston, Andrew T Hudak, Brian KittlerKeywordsSourceBioScienceYear2026
- Rising temperatures, prolonged droughts, and increasingly variable rainfall are negatively impacting natural and cultural resources and agricultural production systems in Hawai‘i. To effectively manage resources in the face of these changes, stewards and producers now require accurate, timely, and site-specific climate data and information. However, access to such data as well as the ability to interpret available data remain limited for many sectors. In response to various needs, a team of scientists working with the Pacific Drought Knowledge Exchange (PDKE) has developed two open-source...AuthorsRyan J. Longman, Derek Ford, Cherryle Heu, Jennifer Geis, Abby G. Frazier, Christian P. Giardina, James T. Potemra, Sean B. Cleveland, John J. MarraKeywordsSourceFrontiers in ClimateYear2026
- Although there have been several contingent valuation studies comparing online and mail surveys, only a few comparative studies have been conducted using choice experiments (CE). CEs portray each choice option as different levels of attributes. The assumption is that survey respondents make trade-offs between attribute levels when making their choices among alternative options. Recent research has demonstrated that respondents do not always pay attention to all attributes when making choices. Methods have been developed to estimate attribute non-attendance (AN-A) and its influence on...AuthorsJosé J. Sánchez, Tom Holmes, John B. LoomisKeywordsSourceJournal of Environmental Economics and PolicyYear2026
- In the western U.S., the research, development and application (RD&A) of semiochemical inhibitors for protecting conifers from bark beetles has focused on antiaggregation pheromones and, to a lesser extent, nonhost volatiles. The sequence begins with identifying potential inhibitors by searching relevant literature; sampling the volatile profiles of bark beetle extracts, frass, infested host materials, hosts, nonhosts, and the forest environment; and/or conducting gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection analyses of bark beetle antennae. Promising inhibitors are then...AuthorsChristopher J. Fettig, Jackson AudleySourceFrontiers in Insect ScienceYear2026
- Mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, is among the most significant forest insect pests, particularly in lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud., forests in western North America. We established a network of 125, 0.081-ha circular plots in P. contorta forests in Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming to document tree mortality and stand-level responses to D. ponderosae outbreaks. We found notable reductions in several key metrics but also observed significant variability in per-year (0–71%) and cumulative mortality (2–87%). We used this long-term monitoring...AuthorsJackson Audley, Andrew M. Latimer, Christopher J. Fettig, A. Steven Munson, Justin B. Runyon, Leif Mortenson, Brytten E. Steed, Kenneth E. Gibson, Carl L. Jørgensen, Stephen Mckelvey, Joel D. McMillin, Jose NegronKeywordsSourceForest Ecology and ManagementYear2026
- Western U.S. public forest managers are applying structurally complex treatments not only to restore established mature stands, but to juvenile and reforested stands through practices such as cluster planting. Although studies suggest that structural complexity may negatively impact productivity and ecosystem services throughout stand development, findings are inconsistent. The inconsistencies may reflect a) the structural complexity attributes investigated, b) focusing on tree growth without recruitment or mortality, and/or c) unidentified site quality and stand factors that modulate...AuthorsChristopher Looney, W. Keith MoserKeywordsSourceForest Ecology and ManagementYear2026
- As attention to valley‐bottom or Stage‐0 restoration increases, direct attempts to evaluate its effects on highly valued salmonid fishes remain rare. We evaluated a valley‐bottom restoration project at Whychus Creek, Oregon, by simulating its effects on the abundance of both resident trout (native Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and introduced Brown Trout Salmo trutta ) that currently occupy the site and anadromous Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha that historically occupied the site. Specifically, we compared results from a spatially explicit, individual‐based model for pre‐restoration...AuthorsBret C. Harvey, Jason L. White, Steven F. Railsback, Brian Staab, Daniel J. IsaakKeywordsSourceRiver Research and ApplicationsYear2026
- This brief communication presents selected findings from recent social and economic monitoring of national forest policies in the Pacific Northwest. Qualitative interviews with timber industry professionals, USDA Forest Service (Forest Service) employees, and rural community members provided local perspectives on increasing the pace and scale of timber harvests on national forests. Challenges noted by interviewees included spatial consolidation of the wood processing facilities, limitations of the timber supply from federal lands, misalignment between timber sales and industry needs,...AuthorsJulia Sizek, Michael R. Coughlan, Heidi Huber-Stearns, James D. Johnston, Susan Charnley, Jeffrey V. Martin, Jess DowneyKeywordsSourceJournal of ForestryYear2026