Treesearch

The 21st International Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation of Wood Symposium was hosted by the Forest Research Institute Baden-Württemberg (FVA) in Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, September 24–27, 2019. This symposium was a forum for those involved in nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE) of wood and brought together many international researchers, NDT/NDE users, suppliers, representatives from various government agencies, and other groups to share research results, products, and technology for evaluating a wide range of wood products, including standing trees, logs,...

Plants develop diverse adaptive traits in changeable environments, yet whether plant defense traits change during succession remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the young leaf physical traits (i.e., upright orientation of leaves, trichomes, an enhanced cuticle, and a multilayered epidermis) and leaf color trait (i.e., red pigmentation) of dominant plants in three subtropical forests. These forests included a pioneer forest, a mixed coniferous-broadleaved forest, and a monsoon-evergreen broadleaved forest representing early, middle, and later successional stages, respectively....

Context Remote sensing has been a foundation of landscape ecology. The spatial resolution (pixel size) of remotely sensed land cover products has improved since the introduction of landscape ecology in the United States. Because patterns depend on spatial resolution, emerging improvements in the spatial resolution of land cover may lead to new insights about the scaling of landscape patterns. Objective We compared forest fragmentation measures derived from very high resolution (1 m²) data with the same measures derived from the commonly used (30 m × −30 m; 900 m²) Landsat-based data....

Este informe destaca cambios y tendencias en los bosques puertorriqueños según los datos de tres inventarios forestales (años 2004, 2009 y 2014). A pesar de que Puerto Rico exhibe una fase de relativa estabilidad en cobertura forestal, la dinámica en el área de bosque se caracterizó por leves fluctuaciones que indican procesos de deforestación que ocurrieron recíprocos a procesos naturales de regeneración. El porcentaje de bosque en la isla grande de Puerto Rico se estima en 54.8 por ciento, mientras que el de la isla de Culebra en 91.1 por ciento y el de Vieques en 79.1 por ciento para el...

Local communities own approximately 45% of Mexico's forests and have relative autonomy to manage them.Some of these communities have established community forest enterprises (CFEs) in order to generate benefits, such as jobs. However, if CFEs focus mainly on community benefits, and lose sight of financial competitiveness and ecological sustainability, they may fail in the long run. Government support programs and forest certification mechanisms have been established to address these concerns, but little is known about improvements in financial competitiveness. A detailed 2011 survey of the...

Nonnative pests often cause cascading ecological impacts, leading to detrimental socioeconomic consequences; however, how plant diversity may influence insect and disease invasions remains unclear. High species diversity in host communities may promote pest invasions by providing more niches (i.e., facilitation), but it can also diminish invasion success because low host dominance may make it more difficult for pests to establish (i.e., dilution). Most studies to date have focused on small-scale, experimental, or individual pest/disease species, while large-scale empirical studies,...

This guidebook describes major biological and physical attributes of the 2686-ha (6,637-ac) Black Canyon Research Natural Area (RNA), Wheeler County, Oregon. The RNA contains high-quality examples of native plant associations’ representative of the foothills of the Blue Mountains ecoregion.

Invasive pests and pathogens have contributed to widescale forest change around the world, but especially in the eastern US. Phytophthora cinnamomi, one such introduced pathogen, causes root rot in American chestnut (Castanea dentata) and shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata), among other eastern forest species of interest, and has inhibited chestnut restoration efforts in some cases. Traditionally, P. cinnamomi has been associated with low landscape positions and moister soils; however, its distribution patterns in the eastern US are poorly understood. Improved understanding of P. cinnamomi...

This paper assesses the market power of pulpwood mills in different regions of the U.S. We estimated the conjectural elasticity, elasticities of substitution and price elasticities for the delivered price at the mill in Southeast and North U.S. and the stumpage in the Southeast. We assembled data composed of price and quantity of Labor, Energy, Chemical Products and Wood at firms' level from Q4/2016 to Q4/2017, and applied a variety of econometric models that measure the influence of firms and resource characteristics on market competition. The results indicate moderate levels of oligopsony...

Despite their diversity and abundance, the importance of native, forest bee communities to pollination services and inherent biological diversity conservation is often overlooked. We studied forest bee communities in Delaware and Pennsylvania, USA, to better understand how forest bee community structure varies with changing land use and microhabitat quality among small, urban and suburban forest fragments in the mid-Atlantic United States. Our hypotheses were that (1) microhabitat quality would affect relative abundance of bee taxa, (2) surrounding landscape composition would drive local...