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Displaying 10,221 - 10,230 of 65,202 Publications- The relative contribution of private and public forest to the conservation of species in mixed-ownership landscapes has often been contentious because management goals vary among owners. This tension can be exacerbated by a lack of understanding about how wildlife use habitats managed by different landowners and the relative value of habitats in having different structures, configurations, and management histories. To address this knowledge gap and enhance science-based conservation planning among different ownerships, we analyzed habitat selection by 53 GPS-tagged California spotted owls...AuthorsKevin Roberts, Sheila Whitmore, Brian P. Dotters, Fidelis A. Atuo, Martin G. Raphael, Sarah C. Sawyer, John J. Keane, R.J. Gutiérrez, M. Zachariah PeeryKeywordsSourceForest Ecology and Management. 433: 295-304Year2019
- The majority of reforestation in the southeastern United States is achieved using hand planting methods. Previous research suggests a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and other symptoms among hand planters as a result of exposure to physical risk factors while hand planting. The design of hand planting tools has been posited as a potential means to reduce exposures to physical risk factors among hand planters. This study compared exposures to directly measured physical risk factors including forceful muscular exertions (collected using surface electromyography), non-neutral postures...AuthorsRobert Granzow, Mark C. Schall, Mathew F. Smidt, Jerry Davis, Richard Sesek, Sean GallagherKeywordsSourceProceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual MeetingYear2019
- Western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla (Rafinesque) Sargent (Pinaceae), trees growing in a clonal, commercial seed orchard on Whidbey Island, Washington, United States of America were assessed for Adelges tsugae (Annand) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) infestation levels to determine whether there was any evidence of resistance to this herbivore. Join-count statistics revealed that A. tsugae infested trees were not clumped, but instead were randomly distributed throughout the seed orchard. Chi-square analyses suggested that there is a genetic basis for different levels of A. tsugae infestation among...AuthorsAlexander Rose, Darrell W. Ross, Kimberly F. WallinSourceThe Canadian EntomologistYear2019
- Intensive land uses have transformed many of the Sierra Nevada's meadows from multi-thread channels with annually inundated floodplains into single-thread, incised channels that store less water and have reduced habitat quality for a diverse suite of meadow-associated wildlife. Among the organisms that inhabit montane meadows, amphibians are especially threatened. Meadows may serve as refugia for amphibians, including the declining Cascades frog (Rana cascadae), due to their complex and varied habitat conditions. We evaluated the relationship between meadow hydrological conditions and...AuthorsKaren L. Pope, Sarah Yarnell, Jonah Piovia-ScottSourceProceedings of the 4th Joint Federal Interagency Sedimentation and Hydrologic Modeling Conference, Reno, NVYear2019
- Occupancy modeling based on detection/non-detection data has become a common approach for monitoring changes in the populations of both sensitive and invasive species, with emerging bioacoustic technology enhancing opportunities for implementing such programs at landscape-scales. Statistical power, however, to detect small but biologically meaningful changes in site occupancy as part of landscape-scale monitoring is typically low, with large – yet hereto unknown – sampling efforts likely required for rigorous inference. Therefore, we (i) assessed sampling levels and detection probabilities...AuthorsConnor M. Wood, Viorel D. Popescu, Holger Klinck, John J. Keane, R.J. Gutiérrez, Sarah C. Sawyer, M. Zachariah. PeeryKeywordsSourceEcological Indicators. 98: 492-507Year2019
- Drought is a major stress for plants, creating a strong selection pressure for traits that enable plant growth and survival in dry environments. Many drought responses are conserved species‐wide responses, while others vary among populations distributed across heterogeneous environments. We tested how six populations of the widely distributed California valley oak (Quercus lobata) sampled from contrasting climates would differ in their response to soil drying relative to well‐watered controls in a common environment by measuring ecophysiological traits in 93 individuals and gene expression...AuthorsAlayna Mead, Juan Peñaloza Ramirez, Megan K. Bartlett, Jessica W. Wright, Lawren Sack, Victoria L. SorkKeywordsSourceMolecular Ecology. 28(24): 5248-5264Year2019
- Wood, a complex hierarchical material, continues to be widely used as a resource to meet humankind’s material needs, in addition to providing inspiration for the development of new biomimetic materials. However, for wood to meet its full potential, researchers must overcome the challenge of understanding its fundamental moisture-related properties across its many levels of hierarchy spanning from the molecular scale up to the bulk wood level. In this perspective, a review of recent research on wood moisture-induced swelling and shrinking is presented from the molecular level to the...AuthorsXavier Arzola-Villegas, Roderic Lakes, Nayomi Z. Plaza, Joseph JakesKeywordsSourceForests. 10(11): 996. 19 p.Year2019
- Soil organisms, including earthworms, are a key component of terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about their diversity, their distribution, and the threats affecting them. We compiled a global dataset of sampled earthworm communities from 6928 sites in 57 countries as a basis for predicting patterns in earthworm diversity, abundance, and biomass. We found that local species richness and abundance typically peaked at higher latitudes, displaying patterns opposite to those observed in aboveground organisms. However, high species dissimilarity across tropical locations may cause...AuthorsHelen R. P. Phillips, Carlos A. Guerra, Marie L. C. Bartz, Maria J. I Briones, George Brown, Thomas W. Crowther, Olga Ferlian, Konstantin B. Gongalsky, Johan van den Hoogen, Julia Krebs, Alberto Orgiazzi, Devin Routh, Benjamin Schwarz, Elizabeth M. Bach, Joanne M. Bennett, Ulrich Brose, Thibaud Decaëns, Birgitta König-Ries, Michel Loreau, Jérôme Mathieu, Christian Mulder, Wim H. van der Putten, Kelly S. Ramirez, Matthias C. Rillig, David Russell, Michiel Rutgers, Madhav P. Thakur, Franciska T. de Vries, Diana H. Wall, David A. Wardle, Miwa Arai, Fredrick O. Ayuke, Geoff H. Baker, Robin Beauséjour, José C. Bedano, Klaus Birkhofer, Eric Blanchart, Bernd Blossey, Thomas Bolger, Robert L. Bradley, Mac A. Callaham, Yvan Capowiez, Mark E. Caulfield, Amy Choi, Felicity V Crotty, Jasmine M. Crumsey, Andrea Dávalos, Darío J. Diaz Cosin, Anahí Dominguez, Andrés Esteban Duhour, Nick van Eekeren, Christoph Emmerling, Liliana B. Falco, Rosa Fernández, Steven J. Fonte, Carlos Fragoso, André L. C. Franco, Martine Fugère, Abegail T. Fusilero, Shaieste Gholami, Michael J. Gundale, Mónica Gutiérrez López, Davorka K. Hackenberger, Luis M. Hernández, Takuo Hishi, Andrew R. Holdsworth, Martin Holmstrup, Kristine N. Hopfensperger, Esperanza Huerta Lwanga, Veikko Huhta, Tunsisa T. Hurisso, Basil V Iannone, Madalina Iordache, Monika Joschko, Nobuhiro Kaneko, Radoslava Kanianska, Aidan M. Keith, Courtland A. Kelly, Maria L. Kernecker, Jonatan Klaminder, Armand W. Koné, Yahya Kooch, Sanna T. Kukkonen, H. Lalthanzara, Daniel R. Lammel, Iurii M. Lebedev, Yiqing Li, Juan B. Jesus Lidon, Noa K. Lincoln, Scott R. Loss, Raphael Marichal, Radim Matula, Jan Hendrik Moos, Gerardo Moreno, Alejandro Morón-Ríos, Bart Muys, Johan Neirynck, Lindsey Norgrove, Marta Novo, Visa Nuutinen, Victoria Nuzzo, Johan Pansu, Shishir Paudel, Guénola Pérès, Lorenzo Pérez-Camacho, Raúl Piñeiro, Jean-François Ponge, Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid, Salvador Rebollo, Javier Rodeiro-Iglesias, Miguel Á. Rodríguez, Alexander M. Roth, Guillaume X. Rousseau, Anna Rozen, Ehsan Sayad, Loes van Schaik, Bryant C. Scharenbroch, Michael Schirrmann, Olaf Schmidt, Boris Schröder, Julia Seeber, Maxim P. Shashkov, Jaswinder Singh, Sandy M. Smith, Michael Steinwandter, José A. Talavera, Dolores Trigo, Jiro Tsukamoto, Anne W. de Valença, Steven J. Vanek, Iñigo Virto, Adrian A. Wackett, Matthew W. Warren, Nathaniel H. Wehr, Joann K. Whalen, Michael B. Wironen, Volkmar Wolters, Irina V Zenkova, Weixin Zhang, Erin K. Cameron, Nico EisenhauerSourceScienceYear2019
- Exotic plant species commonly exploit disturbances more successfully than native plants. This outcome is widely attributed to the fact that disturbance reduces biotic resistance from native plant competitors. However, biocrusts, communities of mosses, lichens, and micro‐organisms, are a prominent component of semi‐arid grasslands occurring in the interstitial spaces between vascular plants. Biocrusts may provide an important source of biotic resistance to invaders, different from native plant competition, but poorly understood.AuthorsMandy L. Slate, Ragan M. Callaway, Dean E. PearsonKeywordsSourceJournal of Ecology. 107: 1317-1327.Year2019
- Understanding controls on recruitment is critical to predicting community assembly, diversity, and coexistence. Theory posits that at mean fecundity, recruitment of highly fecund small-seeded plants should be primarily microsite limited, which is indicated by a saturating recruitment function. In contrast, species that produce fewer large seeds are more likely to be seed-limited, which is characterized by a linear recruitment function. If these patterns hold in nature, seed predation that disproportionately affects larger-seeded species can limit their establishment. We tested these...AuthorsJohn L. Maron, Karyn L. Hajek, Philip G. Hahn, Dean E. PearsonKeywordsSourceEcology. 100(12): e02848.Year2019