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Displaying 10,611 - 10,620 of 65,202 Publications- Direct quantification of terrestrial biosphere responses to global change is crucial for projections of future climate change in Earth system models. Here, we synthesized ecosystem carbon-cycling data from 1,119 experiments performed over the past four decades concerning changes in temperature, precipitation, CO2 and nitrogen across major terrestrial vegetation types of the world. Most experiments manipulated single rather than multiple global change drivers in temperate ecosystems of the USA, Europe and China. The magnitudes of warming and elevated CO2 treatments were consistent with the...AuthorsJian Song, Shiqiang Wan, Shilong Piao, Alan K. Knapp, Aimée T. Classen, Sara Vicca, Philippe Ciais, Mark J. Hovenden, Sebastian Leuzinger, Claus Beier, Paul Kardol, Jianyang Xia, Qiang Liu, Jingyi Ru, Zhenxing Zhou, Yiqi Luo, Dali Guo, J. Adam Langley, Jakob Zscheischler, Jeffrey S. Dukes, Jianwu Tang, Jiquan Chen, Kirsten S. Hofmockel, Lara M. Kueppers, Lindsey Rustad, Lingli Liu, Melinda D. Smith, Pamela H. Templer, R. Quinn Thomas, Richard J. Norby, Richard P. Phillips, Shuli Niu, Simone Fatichi, Yingping Wang, Pengshuai Shao, Hongyan Han, Dandan Wang, Lingjie Lei, Jiali Wang, Xiaona Li, Qian Zhang, Xiaoming Li, Fanglong Su, Bin Liu, Fan Yang, Gaigai Ma, Guoyong Li, Yanchun Liu, Yinzhan Liu, Zhongling Yang, Kesheng Zhang, Yuan Miao, Mengjun Hu, Chuang Yan, Ang Zhang, Mingxing Zhong, Yan Hui, Ying Li, Mengmei ZhengSourceNature Ecology & EvolutionYear2019
- Armillaria species are key components of forest ecosystems throughout most regions of western North America. Their ecological roles range from beneficial saprobes to damaging root pathogens, and their impacts vary with environment and host. Under climate change, the impact of pathogenic species within these regions is predicted to increase (Kliejunas et al 2009), which could result in increased tree mortality, growth loss, and hazard trees that threaten public safety. In 2016, a collaborative project was initiated to survey of Armillaria spp. distributions in western Oregon, western...AuthorsJohn W. Hanna, Mee-Sook Kim, Amy C. Ramsey, Dan W. Omdal, Robin L. Mulvey, Betsy Goodrich, Brennan A. Ferguson, Josh J. Bronson, Kristen L. Chadwick, Jane E. Stewart, Helen M. Maffei, Geral McDonald, Eric W. I Pitman, Marcus V. Warwell, Ned B. KlopfensteinKeywordsSourceIn: Cleaver, C.; Palacious, P., compilers. Proceedings of the 65th annual Western International Forest Disease Work Conference; 2-6 October 2017; Parksville, BC, Canada. WIFDWC. p. 109-1115.Year2019
- Armillaria root disease causes extensive damage to tree roots throughout the world, but efficacious management practices are lacking. However, soil interactions among Armillaria species, microbial communities, and trees may determine the impact of pathogenic Armillaria on the growth and survival of trees. Two species, A. solidipes (highly virulent) and A. altimontana (less virulent), frequently co-occur in forests of inland northwestern USA. Soil metagenomics and metatransciptomics may provide key insights into how interactions among soil microbial communities and root pathogens influence...AuthorsBradley Lalande, Zaid Abdo, John W. Hanna, Deborah S. Page-Dumroese, Marcus V. Warwell, Joanne M. Tirocke, Mee-Sook Kim, Ned B. Klopfenstein, Jane E. StewartKeywordsSourceIn: Cleaver, C.; Palacious, P., compilers. Proceedings of the 65th annual Western International Forest Disease Work Conference; 2-6 October 2017; Parksville, BC, Canada. WIFDWC. p. 123-126.Year2019
- Expectations of the impacts of climatic variation on species can depend on whether and how intraspecific variability is incorporated in models. Coefficients of variation from tree-ring records of Pinus albicaulis through time and across space were used to parameterize volatility and individuality, respectively. The records across sites were used to differentiate the average modes on an environmental gradient for Gaussian fitness of ecotypic niches, and to add further individual variation in mode and standard deviation of these functions in individual-based Monte Carlo simulations of...AuthorsGeorge P. Malanson, R. Justin DeRose, Matthew F. BekkerKeywordsSourceEcological Modelling. 411: 108782.Year2019
- Koa (Acacia koa Gray) is an endemic, keystone species in Hawai’i’s forests. Koa is valuable economically (contributed $30 million to Hawai’i’s forestry industry in 2001), ecologically (habitat for many endangered birds and insects), and culturally (koa is the main wood used for making Hawaiian canoes). Mortality of koa trees due to koa wilt (caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. koae; Foxy-koae) has been increasing, primarily in the low- to mid-elevation forests (Gardner 1980). Fusarium oxysporum (Foxy) is an important vascular wilt pathogen of many plant species worldwide (Leslie 2006)....AuthorsJohn T. Dobbs, Mee-Sook Kim, Nicklos S. Dudley, Tyler C. Jones, Kas Dumroese, Phil G. Cannon, Robert D. Hauff, Ned B. Klopfenstein, Jane E. StewartKeywordsSourceIn: Cleaver, C.; Palacious, P., compilers. Proceedings of the 65th annual Western International Forest Disease Work Conference; 2-6 October 2017; Parksville, BC, Canada. WIFDWC. p. 105-108.Year2019
- Assessing landscape patterns in climate vulnerability, as well as resilience and resistance to drought, disturbance, and invasive species, requires appropriate metrics of relevant environmental conditions. In dryland systems of western North America, soil temperature andmoisture regimes have been widely utilized as an indicator of resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasive plant species by providing integrative indicators of long-term site aridity, which relates to ecosystem recovery potential and climatic suitability to invaders. However, the impact of climate change on these...AuthorsJohn B. Bradford, Daniel R. Shlaepfer, William K. Lauenroth, Kyle A. Palmquist, Jeanne C. Chambers, Jeremy D. Maestas, Steven B. CampbellKeywordsSourceFrontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 7: 358.Year2019
- Fungi that decay wood have characteristic associations with certain tree species, but the mechanistic bases for these associations are poorly understood. We studied substrate-specific gene expression and RNA editing in six species of wood-decaying fungi from the ‘Antrodia clade’ (Polyporales, Agaricomycetes) on three different wood substrates (pine, spruce, and aspen) in submerged cultures. We identified dozens to hundreds of substrate-biased genes (i.e., genes that are significantly upregulated in one substrate relative to the other two substrates) in each species, and these biased genes...AuthorsBaojun Wu, Jill Gaskell, Jiwei Zhang, Christina Toapanta, Steven Ahrendt, Igor V Grigoriev, Robert A. Blanchette, Jonathan S. Schilling, Emma Master, Daniel Cullen, David S. HibbettKeywordsSourceThe ISME Journal. 13(6): 1391-1403.Year2019
- This report highlights significant research findings and accomplishments of the Pacific Northwest Research Station during fiscal year 2018.AuthorsRhonda Mazza, Alexandra (Ali) FreibottKeywordsSource2018 Science Highlights Report of the Pacific Northwest Research Station. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 67 p.Year2019
- This paper reports a facile one-pot method to produce graphene oxide nanocellulose composite (GNCC) that was subsequently reduced using L-ascorbic acid to form a conductive paper (CP). Cellulose fbers were directly added into the reaction system during graphite exfoliation using sulfuric acid to produce cellulose nano- or microfbrils through acid hydrolysis along with mechancial mixing. FTIR and Raman analyses indicated that reduction using L-ascorbic acid efciently produced a welldeoxygenated CP with high conductivity of 116.3±1.5 S m−1 at 20% graphene oxide loading. Furthermore, the...AuthorsRuibin Wang, Qianli Ma, Huilong Zhang, Zhengqiang Ma, Rendang Yang, Junyong ZhuKeywordsSourceJournal of Polymers and the Environment. 27(1): 148-157.Year2019
- Winter is an understudied but key period for the socioecological systems of northeastern North American forests. A growing awareness of the importance of the winter season to forest ecosystems and surrounding communities has inspired several decades of research, both across the northern forest and at other mid- and high-latitude ecosystems around the globe. Despite these efforts, we lack a synthetic understanding of how winter climate change may impact hydrological and biogeochemical processes and the social and economic activities they support. Here, we take advantage of 100 years of...AuthorsAlexandra R. Contosta, Nora J. Casson, Sarah Garlick, Sarah J. Nelson, Matthew P. Ayres, Elizabeth A. Burakowski, John Campbell, Irena Creed, Catherine Eimers, Celia Evans, Ivan Fernandez, Colin Fuss, Thomas Huntington, Kaizad Patel, Rebecca Sanders‐DeMott, Kyongho Son, Pamela Templer, Casey ThornbrughKeywordsSourceEcological ApplicationsYear2019