Treesearch

Managing wildland fire is an exercise in risk perception, sensemaking and resilient performance. Risk perception begins with individual size up of a wildfire to determine a course of action, and then becomes collective as the fire management team builds and continuously updates their common perception of risk. Karl Weick has called this “sensemaking.” This act of communication, of collecting and selecting information, naming it, and passing it on, in various forms and stages of completeness, from one individual or team to another - determines how resilient and effective the team’s performan...

To achieve green processing through recycling catalysts, this study demonstrated a commercial solid acid toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) for furfural production from corncob. Acid recyclability study indicate that crystalized p-TsOH was highly effective for furfural production. A kinetic based reaction severity, combined hydrolysis factor (CHF), was used to develop a furfural predictive model with the consideration of loss through degradation. Furfural yield of approximately 75% theoretical was achieved in a CHF range between 830 and 1850.

Black carbon (BC) emitted from fires in northern Eurasia is transported and deposited on ice and snow in the Arctic and can accelerate its melting during certain times of the year. Thus, we developed a high spatial resolution (500m x 500 m) dataset to examine daily BC emissions from fires in this region for 2002-2015. Black carbon emissions were estimated based on MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) land cover maps and detected burned areas, the Forest Inventory Survey of the Russian Federation, the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier-1 Global Biomass Carbon...

This paper reports the implementation of renewable, biodegradable, and abundant cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) in triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) development. Flexible and transparent CNF thin films are triboelectric positive material with nanoscale surface roughness. They are paired with FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene) to assemble TENG devices, which exhibit comparable performance to the reported TENG devices built on synthetic polymers. CNF-based TENG is further integrated within a fiberboard made from recycled cardboard fibers using a chemical-free cold pressing method. The...

Questions: How does fire severity, measured as depth of burn of ground layer fuels, control the regeneration of understorey species across black spruce-dominated stands varying in pre-fire organic layer depths? Are successional shifts from evergreen to deciduous understorey vegetation more likely to occur with greater depth of burn? Does a shift in understorey vegetation community towards more deciduous species influence carbon accumulation in vegetation biomass? Location: Northern boreal forest, interior Alaska. Methods: We sampled 32 stands in interior Alaska that burned in 2003 and 2004...

La realidad del cambio climático, representado por el incremento de temperatura y concentración atmosférica de CO2, y su relación con causas antropogénicas ya no admite discusión. Este incremento genera profundos cambios en los patrones de distribución de lluvias afectando la disponibilidad de agua para cultivos. En 1975 la población mundial sobrepasó los 4 millardos y en el 2015 acaba de sobrepasar los 7 millardos, con lo cual la vulnerabilidad al cambio climático de la producción agrícola alcanza una dimensión de política de estado. Los factores que determinan la capacidad productiva de...

Little research has been conducted on how agricultural producers in the northeastern United States conceptualize climate-related risk and how these farmers address risk through on-farm management strategies. Two years following Tropical Storm Irene, our team interviewed 15 farmers in order to investigate their perceptions of climate-related risk and how their decision-making was influenced by these perceptions. Our results show that Vermont farmers are concerned with both ecological and economic risk. Subthemes that emerged included geographic, topographic, and hydrological characteristics...

Coastal carbon cycling models remain incomplete in key continental margins worldwide. Large quantities of labile terrestrial DOC are transferred to the Gulf of Alaska in a flow of freshwater discharge from thousands of watersheds that equals the discharge of the Mississippi River. The coastal margin of southeast Alaska and British Columbia is a potential hotspot of worldwide DOC metabolism and the mass and reactivity of DOC in rivers and estuaries of the region make quantifying and modeling DOC export a priority. Scaling DOC export requires a well-constrained model of streamwater DOC...

Due to the availability of good and reasonably priced auxiliary data, the use ofmodel-based regression-synthetic estimators for small area estimation is popular in operational settings. Examples are forest management inventories, where a linking model is used in combination with airborne laser scanning data to estimate stand-level forest parameters where no or too few observations are collected within the stand. This paper focuses on different approaches to estimating the variances of those estimates. Wecompared a variance estimatorwhich is based on the estimation of superpopulation...

tSuperhydrophobic and crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/cellulose nanofibril (CNF) aerogel micro-spheres were prepared via a combination of the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification process with thefreeze-drying process, followed by thermal chemical vapor deposition of methyltrichlorosilane. The oilphase and the cooling agent were judiciously selected to ensure that the frozen ice microspheres canbe easily separated from the emulsion system. The silanized microspheres were highly porous with abulk density ranging from 4.66 to 16.54 mg/cm3. The effects of the solution pH, stirring rate, and...