Treesearch
Displaying 15,681 - 15,690 of 64,772 Publications- To examine short- and long-term changes in hurricane-prone sub-montane rain forests on Dominica in the Lesser Antilles of the eastern Caribbean, we established 17 permanent, 0.25-ha vegetation plots clustered in 3 regions of the island—northeast, northwest, and southwest. We counted all trees ≥10 cm diameter almost 30 years after Hurricane David caused substantial tree mortality, primarily in the southern half of the island. We identified 1 vegetation association (Dacryodes–Sloanea) with 2 variants depending on whether Amanoa caribaea was co-dominant. We found that differences in forest...AuthorsS.J. DeWalt, K. Ickes, A. JamesKeywordsSourceCaribbean NaturalistYear2016
- PM2.5 inventories have been developed in major Chinese cities to quantify the contributions from various sources based on annual emissions. This approach, however, could substantially underestimate the contribution from open straw burning during the harvest or other active burning periods. This study examines this issue by estimating monthly and annual straw-burning PM2.5 emissions in China and comparing with them with the corresponding emissions from other anthropogenic sources. Annually burned straw PM2.5 emissions during 1997∼2013 for 31 China provinces were calculated based on crop and...AuthorsLibo Zhang, Yongqiang Liu, Lu HaoKeywordsSourceEnvironmental Research LettersYear2016
- An afforestation project was initiated in the western plain of Taiwan to convert abandoned farming lands into forests to improve the ecological and environmental conditions. This study was conducted to understand the potential impacts of this land cover change on evapotranspiration (ET) and other land surface processes and the differences in the impacts under clear and rainy weather conditions. Numerical simulations with the land surface covered with crops and forests were conducted using an atmosphere-land coupled model during a summer monsoon season. Sensitivity experiments were conducted...AuthorsYongqiang Liu, L.B. Zhang, L. Hao, Ge Sun, Yongqiang LiuKeywordsSourceTransactions of the ASABEYear2016
- Earthworm introductions and invasions are ongoing, with significant consequences for ecological characteristics and function where populations of invasive species reach high densities. In North America the influx of people, goods and materials to coastal cities has long been recognized to be related to introduction and establishment of many different invasive organisms. We conducted surveys for soil invertebrates in the Washington, DC area along the Potomac River corridor to examine the influence of historic soil profile disrupting disturbances on the composition of soil invertebrate...AuthorsMac A. Callaham, Bruce A. Snyder, Samuel W. James, Erik T. ObergKeywordsSourceBiological InvasionsYear2016
- AuthorsSandra Metslaid, John A. Stanturf, Maris Hordo, Henn Korjus, Diana Laarmann, Andres KivisteKeywordsSourceEnvironmental Science and Pollution ResearchYear2016
- Wildland fire radiant energy emission is one of the only measurements of combustion that can be made at high temporal and spatial resolutions. Furthermore, spatially and temporally explicit measurements are critical for making inferences about ecological fire effects. Although the correlation between fire frequency and plant biological diversity in frequently burned coniferous forests is well documented, the ecological mechanisms explaining this relationship remains elusive. Uncovering these mechanisms will require highly resolved, spatially explicit fire data (Loudermilk et al. 2012)....AuthorsJoseph J. O'Brien, E. Louise Loudermilk, J. Kevin Hiers, Scott Pokswinski, Benjamin Hornsby, Andrew T. Hudak, Dexter Strother, Eric Rowell, Benjamin C. BrightKeywordsSourceCanadian Journal of Remote Sensing. 42(5): 489-500.Year2016
- An understanding of the impacts of exotic plant species on ecosystems is necessary to justify and guide efforts to limit their spread, restore natives, and plan for conservation. Invasive annual grasses such as Bromus tectorum, B. rubens, B. hordeaceus, and B. diandrus (hereafter collectively referred to as Bromus) transform the structure and function of ecosystems they dominate. Experiments that prove cause-and-effect impacts of Bromus are rare, yet inferences can be gleaned from the combination of Bromus-ecosystem associations, ecosystem condition before/after invasion, and an understandi...AuthorsMatthew J. Germino, Jayne Belnap, John M. Stark, Edith B Allen, Benjamin RauKeywordsSourceIn: M.J. Germino et al. (eds.), Exotic Brome-Grasses in Arid and Semiarid Ecosystems of the Western US, Springer Series on Environmental Management,Year2016
- The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and 35 litter productivity measurements), their associated canopy photosynthetic capacity (enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and climate, we ask how carbon assimilation and aboveground allocation are related to climate seasonality in tropical forests...AuthorsFabien H. Wagner, Bruno Herault, Damien Bonal, Clement Stahl, Liana O. Anderson, Timothy R. Baker, Gabriel Sebastian Becker, Hans Beeckman, Danilo Boanerges Souza, Paulo Cesar Botosso, David M. J. S. Bowman, Achim Brauning, Benjamin Brede, Foster Irving Brown, Jesus Julio Camarero, Plinio Barbosa Camargo, Fernanda C. G. Cardoso, Fabricio Alvim Carvalho, Wendeson Castro, Rubens Koloski Chagas, Jerome Chave, Emmanuel N. Chidumayo, Deborah A. Clark, Flavia Regina Capellotto Costa, Camille Couralet, Paulo Henrique da Silva Mauricio, Helmut Dalitz, Vinicius Resende de Castro, Jacanan Eloisa de Freitas Milani, Edilson Consuelo de Oliveira, Luciano de Souza Arruda, Jean-Louis Devineau, David M. Drew, Oliver Dunisch, Giselda Durigan, Elisha Elifuraha, Marcio Fedele, Ligia Ferreira Fedele, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, Cesar Augusto Guimaraes Finger, Augusto Cesar Franco, Joao Lima Freitas Junior, Franklin Galvao, Aster Gebrekirstos, Robert Gliniars, Paulo Mauricio Lima de Alencastro Graca, Anthony D. Griffiths, James Grogan, Kaiyu Guan, Jurgen Homeier, Maria Raquel Kanieski, Lip Khoon Kho, Jennifer Koenig, Sintia Valerio Kohler, Julia Krepkowski, Jose Pires Lemos-Filho, Diana Lieberman, Milton Eugene Lieberman, Claudio Sergio Lisi, Tomaz Longhi Santos, Jose Luis Lopez Ayala, Eduardo Eijji Maeda, Yadvinder Malhi, Vivian R. B. Maria, Marcia C. M. Marques, Renato Marques, Hector Maza Chamba, Lawrence Mbwambo, Karina Liana Lisboa Melgaco, Hooz Angela Mendivelso, Brett P. Murphy, Joseph J. O'Brien, Steven F. Oberbauer, Naoki Okada, Raphael Pelissier, Lynda D. Prior, Fidel Alejandro Roig, Michael Ross, Davi Rodrigo Rossatto, Vivien Rossi, Lucy Rowland, Ervan Rutishauser, Hellen Santana, Mark Schulze, Diogo Selhorst, Williamar Rodrigues Silva, Marcos Silveira, Susanne Spannl, Michael D. Swaine, Jose Julio Toledo, Marcos Miranda Toledo, Marisol Toledo, Takeshi Toma, Mario Tomazello Filho, Juan Ignacio Valdez Hernandez, Jan Verbesselt, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Gregoire Vincent, Carolina Volkmer de Castilho, Franziska Volland, Martin Worbes, Magda Lea Bolzan Zanon, Luiz E. O. C. AragaoSourceBiogeosciencesYear2016
- Sulfite pretreatment to overcome the recalcitrance of lignocelluloses (SPORL) promises to provide efficient bioconversion of woody biomass into bioethanol and lignin co-products. Results from several laboratory and pilot-scale studies are presented to demonstrate SPORL performance, with comparisons to competing technologies. Excellent ethanol yields of up to approximately 80% theoretical, based on glucan, mannan, and xylan content of wood, were achieved at titers over 40 g/L. This high productivity was accomplished using low cellulase loadings, 26 mL/kg wood, and without detoxification,...AuthorsJunyong Zhu, Chao Zhang, Roland L. Gleisner, Carl J. Houtman, Xuejun PanKeywordsSourceFPL-GTR-240Year2016
- Abiotic factors have a strong influence on where annual Bromus species are found. At the large regional scale, temperature and precipitation extremes determine the boundaries of Bromus occurrence. At the more local scale, soil characteristics and climate influence distribution, cover, and performance. In hot, dry, summer-rainfall-dominated deserts (Sonoran, Chihuahuan), little or no Bromus is found, likely due to timing or amount of soil moisture relative to Bromus phenology. In hot, winter-rainfall-dominated deserts (parts of the Mojave Desert), Bromus rubens is widespread and correlated...AuthorsJayne Belnap, John M. Stark, Benjamin Rau, Edith B. Allen, Susan PhillipsKeywordsSourceIn: M.J. Germino et al. (eds.), Exotic Brome-Grasses in Arid and Semiarid Ecosystems of the Western US, Springer Series on Environmental ManagementYear2016