Treesearch
Displaying 16,961 - 16,970 of 64,690 Publications- The main objective of the paper is to estimate the influence of time of concentration (TC) on maximum flow in an urbanized watershed. The calculations of maximum flow have been carried out using the Rational method, Technical Release 55 (TR55) procedure based on NRCS (National Resources Conservation Services) guidelines, and NRCS-UH rainfall-runoff model. Similarly, three methods were used to calculate the overland flow component of the TC: the Kerby method, the Morgali and Linsley method and the NRCS travel time method. The TC was calculated in a watershed located in Krakow city in...AuthorsDevendra M. Amatya, Agnieszka Cupak, Andrzej WalegaKeywordsSourceGeomatics, Landmanagement and LandscapeYear2015
- Mountain pine beetle-caused tree mortality has substantially changed live tree biomass in lodgepole pine ecosystems in western North America since 2000. We studied how beetle-caused mortality altered ecosystem carbon (C) stocks and productivity using a central US Rockies age sequence of ecosystem recovery after infestation, augmented with growth-and-yield model simulations. Field measurements showed that total C stocks were reduced by beetle outbreaks, although differences compared with undisturbed stands were not easily distinguished. Simulations with outbreaks showed long-term C losses...AuthorsE. Matthew Hansen, Michael C. Amacher, Helga Van Miegroet, James N. Long, Michael G. RyanSourceForest Science. 61(4): 665-679.Year2015
- Large trees provide many ecological services in forests. They provide seeds for reproduction and food, habitat for plants and animals, and shade for understory vegetation. Older trees and forests store large quantities of carbon, tend to release more water to streams than their more rapidly growing younger counterparts, and provide wood for human use. Mature trees of many species also record past climate in their rings, providing clues about how plants have endured enormous climate variability over the ages. Finally, large trees inspire and comfort many, helping to connect us with the...AuthorsMichael G. RyanKeywordsSourceNature Plants. 1: Article 15150.Year2015
- How trees sense source-sink carbon balance remains unclear. One potential mechanism is a feedback from non-structural carbohydrates regulating photosynthesis and removing excess as waste respiration when the balance of photosynthesis against growth and metabolic activity changes. We tested this carbohydrate regulation of photosynthesis and respiration using branch girdling in four tree species in a wet tropical rainforest in Costa Rica. Because girdling severs phloem to stop carbohydrate export while leaving xylem intact to allow photosynthesis, we expected carbohydrates to accumulate in...AuthorsShinichi Asao, Michael G. RyanKeywordsSourceTree Physiology. 35: 608-620.Year2015
- A challenge for the development of terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) and associated land surface components of Earth system models (ESMs) is improving representation of carbon (C) exchange between terrestrial plants and the atmosphere, and incorporating biological variation arising from diversity in plant functional types (PFTs) and climate (Sitch et al., 2008; Booth et al., 2012; Prentice & Cowling, 2013; Fisher et al., 2014). Accounting for patterns in leaf respiratory CO2 release in darkness (Rdark) in TBMs and ESMs is crucial (King et al., 2006; Huntingford et al., 2013; Wythers et...AuthorsOwen K. Atkin, Keith J. Bloomfield, Peter B. Reich, Mark G. Tjoelker, Gregory P. Asner, Damien Bonal, Gerhard Bonisch, Matt G. Bradford, Lucas A. Cernusak, Eric G. Cosio, Danielle Creek, Kristine Y. Crous, Tomas F. Domingues, Jeffrey S. Dukes, John J. G. Egerton, John R. Evans, Graham D. Farquhar, Nikolaos M. Fyllas, Paul P. G. Gauthier, Emanuel Gloor, Teresa E. Gimeno, Kevin L. Griffin, Rossella Guerrieri, Mary A. Heskel, Chris Huntingford, Franc_oise Yoko Ishida, Jens Kattge, Hans Lambers, Michael J. Liddell, Jon Lloyd, Christopher H. Lusk, Roberta E. Martin, Ayal P. Maksimov, Trofim C. Maximov, Yadvinder Malhi, Belinda E. Medlyn, Patrick Meir, Lina M. Mercado, Nicholas Mirotchnick, Desmond Ng, Ulo Niinemets, Odhran S. O’Sullivan, Oliver L. Phillips, Lourens Poorter, Pieter Poot, I. Colin Prentice, Norma Salinas, Lucy M. Rowland, Michael G. Ryan, Stephen Sitch, Martijn Slot, Nicholas G. Smith, Matthew H. Turnbull, Mark C. VanderWel, Fernando Valladares, Erik J. Veneklaas, Lasantha K. Weerasinghe, Christian Wirth, Ian J. Wright, Kirk R. Wythers, Jen Xiang, Shuang Xiang, Joana Zaragoza-CastellsKeywordsSourceNew Phytologist. 206: 614.636.Year2015
- To provide an overview of the immediate and short-term hydrologic impacts of fire on infiltration, runoff, and erosion by water, and of the effectiveness of various mitigation treatments in the reduction of runoff and erosion in the years following the fire.AuthorsFrederick B. Pierson, C. Jason Williams, Pete R. RobichaudKeywordsSourceGreat Basin Factsheet Series Number 11. Sage Grouse Initiative. 6 p. Online: http://www.sagegrouseinitiative.com/category/great-basin-factsheet-series/Year2015
- Several forest diseases are causing serious threats to the native Hawaiian forest. Among them, koawilt disease (caused by Fusarium oxysporum) is damaging to native populations of koa (Acacia koa), and it also hinders koa restoration/reforestation. Because F. oxysporum likely represents a complex of species with distinct pathogenic activities, more detailed characterization is needed to better understand the F. oxysporum that is associated with koa wilt. Such data would allow assessments of genetic diversity and population structure, while also providing inferences as to whether the...AuthorsMee-Sook Kim, Jane E. Stewart, Nicklos Dudley, John Dobbs, Tyler Jones, Phil G. Cannon, Robert L. James, Kas Dumroese, Ned B. KlopfensteinKeywordsSourceIn: Ramsey, Amy; Palacios, Patsy, comps. Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Western International Forest Disease Work Conference; September 21-25, 2015; Newport, OR. Olympia, WA: Washington Department of Natural Resources; Logan, UT: Utah State University, Quinney College of Natural Resources. p. 133-135.Year2015
- Prior to fire suppression and exclusion, wildfires and other disturbances (e.g., insects, disease, and weather) sustained ecosystem processes in many landscapes of the Western United States. However, wildfires have been increasing in size, frequency, and intensity in recent years (Kellogg and others 2008). Recognizing the value of wildfire, scientists and land managers now promote allowing non- human-caused fires to burn in these landscapes, hoping fire can recreate the historical distribution and mosaic of presettlement, burned forests.AuthorsDeborah S. Page-Dumroese, Terrie B. Jain, Jonathan Sandquist, Joanne M. Tirocke, John Errecart, Martin F. JurgensenKeywordsSourceIn: Potter, Kevin M.; Conkling, Barbara L., eds. Forest Health Monitoring: National status, trends, and analysis 2014. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-209. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station. p. 143-149.Year2015
- Primary tropical rain forests are being rapidly perforated with new edges via roads, logging, and pastures, and vast areas of secondary forest accumulate following abandonment of agricultural lands. To determine how insectivorous Amazonian understory birds respond to edges between primary rain forest and three age classes of secondary forest, we radio-tracked two woodcreepers (Glyphorynchus spirurus, N = 17; Xiphorhynchus pardalotus, N = 18) and a terrestrial antthrush (Formicarius colma, N = 19). We modeled species-specific response to distance to forest edge (a continuous variable) based...AuthorsLuke L. Powell, Gustavo Zurita, Jared D. Wolfe, Erik I. Johnson, Philip C StoufferKeywordsSourceBiotropica. 47(6): 723-732Year2015
- Avian diversity in fragmented Amazonian landscapes depends on a balance between extinction and colonization in cleared and disturbed areas. Regenerating forest facilitates bird dispersal within degraded Amazonian landscapes and may tip the balance in favor of persistence in habitat patches. Determining the response of Amazonian birds to fragmentation may be hindered because many species use adjacent second growth matrices thereby limiting the applicability of island biogeography to predict species loss; alternatively, a countryside biogeographic framework to evaluate the value of regenerati...AuthorsJared Wolfe, Philip C. Stouffer, Karl Mokross, Luke L. Powell, Marina M. AnciãesKeywordsSourceEcosphere. 6(12): 295Year2015