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Displaying 19,781 - 19,790 of 65,202 Publications- This chapter explores the ways in which national forest managers may contribute to community well-being by designing projects that accomplish forest management in ways that not only meet their ecological goals, but also create economic opportunities for nearby communities. The chapter summarizes a number of strategies for enhancing the economic benefits to communities of forest restoration work, infrastructure maintenance and improvement projects, and recreation and tourism; these strategies are also summarized near the end of the chapter in the “Management Implications” section. The...AuthorsSusan CharnleyKeywordsSourceGen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-247. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station: 599-627. Chap. 9.4Year2014
- Previous chapters of this synthesis rely on multiple ecological disciplines to frame core aspects of a sustainable, resilient ecosystem. Approaching forest management in the Sierra Nevada and southern Cascade Range in a manner that promotes socioecological resilience and sustains important forest values requires consideration of not only the ecological, but also the social, economic, cultural, and institutional components of the ecosystem, using a systems approach (Higgins and Duane 2008). The term "socioecological system" has been widely used in scientific literature on resilience. Key...AuthorsPatricia L. Winter, Jonathan W. Long, Susan CharnleyKeywordsSourceGen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-247. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station: 497-499Year2014
- As a key component of the carbon cycle, soil CO2 efflux (SCE) is being increasingly studied to improve our mechanistic understanding of this important carbon flux. Predicting ecosystem responses to climate change often depends an extrapolation of current relationships between ecosystem processes and their climatic drivers to conditions not yet experienced by the ecosystem. This raises the question of to what extent these relationships remain unaltered beyond the current climatic window for which observations are available to constrain the relationships. Here, we evaluate whether current...AuthorsS. Vicca, M. Bahn, M. Estiarte, E. E. van Loon, R. Vargas, G. Alberti, P. Ambus, M. A. Arain, C. Beier, L. P. Bentley, W. Borken, N. Buchmann, S. L. Collins, G. de Dato, J. S. Dukes, C. Escolar, P. Fay, G. Guidolotti, P. J. Hanson, A. Kahmen, G. Kröel-Dulay, T. Ladreiter-Knauss, K. S. Larsen, E. Lellei-Kovacs, E. Lebrija-Trejos, F. T. Maestre, S. Marhan, M. Marshall, P. Meir, Y. Miao, J. Muhr, P. A. Niklaus, R. Ogaya, J. Peñuelas, C. Poll, Lindsey Rustad, K. Savage, A. Schindlbacher, I. K. Schmidt, A. R. Smith, E. D. Sotta, V. Suseela, A. Tietema, N. van Gestel, O. van Straaten, S. Wan, U. Weber, I. A. JanssensKeywordsSourceBiogeosciences. 11(11): 2991-3013.Year2014
- The frequency of introductions of nonindigenous forest insects into new habitats is increasing worldwide, often with profoundly adverse consequences on natural and plantation forest ecosystems. Understanding rates and patterns of spread of invasive forest insects is important for predicting when and where these species will expand their geographical range, with the potential to improve mitigation strategies. The woodwasp Sirex noctilio is a damaging invasive forest insect that kills numerous species of Pinus. Despite encountering highly variable ecoclimatic conditions, S. noctilio has...AuthorsM.V. Lantschner, J.M. Villacide, J.R. Garnas, P. Croft, A.J. Carnegie, Andrew M. Liebhold, J.C. CorleyKeywordsSourceBiological Invasions 16: 329-339.Year2014
- Increasingly, private landowners are participating in conservation easement programs, but their effects on land management remain to be addressed. Data from the USDA Forest Service National Woodland Owner Survey for the US Northern Region were used to investigate how conservation easement participation is associated with selected past and future forest management practices. Multiple data imputation was used to correct for missing data bias, and propensity score matching was applied to correct for selection bias. Results show that only the adoption of forest management plans, among 17...AuthorsNianfu Song, Francisco X. Aguilar, Brett J. ButlerSourceForest Science. 60(2): 298-307.Year2014
- Despite substantial increases in public awareness and biosecurity systems, introductions of non-native arthropods remain an unwelcomed consequence of escalating rates of international trade and travel. Detection of an established but unwanted nonnative organism can elicit a range of responses, including implementation of an eradication program. Previous studies have reviewed the concept of eradication, but these efforts were largely descriptive and focused on selected case studies. We developed a Global Eradication and Response DAtabase ("GERDA") to facilitate an analysis of arthropod...AuthorsPatrick C. Tobin, John M. Kean, David Maxwell Suckling, Deborah G. McCullough, Daniel A. Herms, Lloyd D. StringerSourceBiological Invasions. 16(2): 401-414.Year2014
- Forest floor microbial communities play a critical role in the processes of decomposition and nutrient cycling. The impact of cultivation, contamination, fire, and land management on soil microbial communities have been studied but there are few studies of microbial responses to the effects of tropical storms. The Canopy Trimming Experiment was executed in the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico to decouple two prominent effects of a hurricane—canopy opening and debris deposition on the forest floor—on forest biota and processes. We studied the independent and interactive...AuthorsSharon A. Cantrell, Marirosa Molina, D. Jean Lodge, Francisco J. Rivera-Figueroa, Maria Ortiz, Albany A. Marchetti, Mike J. Cyterski, José R. Pérez-JiménezKeywordsSourceForest Ecology & Management. 332: 22-31.Year2014
- Fungi are important for maintaining fast rates of decomposition in low quality tropical leaf litter via immobilization and translocation of limiting nutrients from sources to sinks and conserving nutrients after disturbance. Tropical trees often have low nutrient to carbon ratios. Disturbances such as hurricanes and logging transfer a large mass of green leaves with high nutrient concentrations to the forest floor, but the associated opening of the canopy dries the litter, inhibiting basidiomycete fungi that play critical roles in lignin degradation and nutrient conservation. We conducted...AuthorsD. Jean Lodge, Sharon A. Cantrell, Grizelle GonzalezKeywordsSourceForest Ecology and Management. 332: 11-21.Year2014
- Emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis was identified in 2002 as the cause of extensive ash (Fraxinus spp.) decline and mortality in Detroit, Michigan, and has since killed millions of ash trees in the US and Canada. When discovered, it was not clear how long it had been present or at what location the invading colony started. We used dendrochronological methods to document the onset and progression of ash mortality and the spatio-temporal dynamics of the invasion. Reconstructing the progression of ash mortality serves as a proxy to draw inferences about the colonization and spread of...AuthorsNathan W. Siegert, Deborah G. McCullough, Andrew M. Liebhold, Frank W. TelewskiKeywordsSourceDiversity and Distributions 20: 847-858.Year2014
- Aim. To examine the relationship between the range dynamics of the nonnative species Lymantria dispar (L.) and supraoptimal temperatures during its larval and pupal period. Location. West Virginia and Virginia, United States, North America. Methods. We linked the annual frequency of supraoptimal temperatures during the larval and pupal period of L. dispar with annual changes in its range dynamics based upon a spatially robust 20-year dataset. Correlation analyses were used to estimate the association between exposure time above the optimal temperature for L. dispar larval and pupal...AuthorsPatrick C. Tobin, David R. Gray, Andrew M. LiebholdKeywordsSourceDiversity and Distributions 20: 813-823.Year2014