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Displaying 2,381 - 2,390 of 65,126 Publications- Evolutionary niches are great for species survival, but when humans get stuck arguing from viewpoint niches, it can mean bad news for ecosystem resilience. The Utah Forest Restoration Working Group, a collaborative partnership of agencies and stakeholders, operates beyond niches and uses group consensus. Their approach has resulted in a big first: agreement among divergent stakeholders on a step-by-step protocol for deciding how to restore and protect riparian forests in Utah.AuthorsMarisa Anderson, Sara A. GoekingKeywordsSourceScience You Can Use (in 5 Minutes), December 2024. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 2 p.Year2024
A multi-site passive approach to studying the emissions and evolution of smoke from prescribed fires
Abstract. We conducted a 2-year study utilizing a network of fixed sites with sampling throughout an extended prescribed burning period to characterize the emissions and evolution of smoke from silvicultural prescribed burning at a military base in the southeastern USA. The measurement approach and an assessment of the instrument performance are described. Smoke sources, including those within and off the base, are identified, and plume ages are determined to quantify emissions and study the evolution of smoke PM2:5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters 2.5 μm or smaller) mass,...AuthorsRime El Asmar, Zongrun Li, David J. Tanner, Yongtao Hu, Susan O'Neill, L. Gregory Huey, M. Talat Odman, Rodney J. WeberKeywordsSourceAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 24(22): 12749-12773.Year2024- Climate change and disturbance threaten forested ecosystems across the globe. Our ability to predict the future distribution of forests requires understanding the limiting factors for regeneration. Forest canopies buffer against near-surface air temperature and vapour pressure deficit extremes, and ongoing losses of forest canopy from disturbances such as wildfire can exacerbate climate constraints on natural regeneration. Here we combine experimental, empirical and simulation-based evidence to show that soil surface temperatures constrain the low-elevation extent of forests in the western...AuthorsZachary Holden, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, Alan Swanson, Zachary Hoylman, Drew Lyons, Allen Warren, Marco ManetaKeywordsSourceNature Geoscience. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-024-01577-0.Year2024
- Ecological disturbance can promote or reduce community biodiversity depending on its severity. Beekeeping activities represent a type of ecological disturbance when large numbers of honey bees are introduced to a landscape and interact with the local plant and pollinator community. In this study, we characterized the effect of immediate and long-term low-density migratory beekeeping on the diversity and abundance of native bees in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (China). We found that the presence of apiaries and the number of honey bees reduced native bee abundances in the local bee community,...AuthorsAnthony D. Vaudo, Michael C. Orr, Qing-Song Zhou, Chao-Dong Zhu, Junpeng Mu, Margarita M. Lopez-UribeSourceJournal of Insect Science. 24(6): 4-ieae108.Year2024
- While remote sensing can be an effective tool in building a forest inventory, field measurements and model fitting can be both expensive and challenging. One strategy to reduce forest inventory costs is to leverage forest inventory models fitted to a different population (external models), although the effectiveness of external models is poorly understood. One concern is that models may predict well to the sample data, but poorly to the population—which is termed ‘overfitting’. The effect of overfit may be especially problematic in attempts to predict for a different population (a forest...AuthorsDiogo Cosenza, Svetlana Saarela, Jacob L. Strunk, Lauri Korhonen, Matti Maltamo, Petteri PackalenSourceForestry: An International Journal of Forest Research. 32: cpae055.Year2024
- Peatlands are the most carbon-dense ecosystems on earth. In tropical mountains, peatlands are numerous and susceptible to rapid degradation and carbon loss after human disturbances. Quantifying where peatlands are located and how they are affected by land use is key in creating a baseline of carbon stocks and greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical mountain peatlands. However, mapping peatlands in the páramo of the Northern Andes is difficult because they are in a topographically complex environment with nearly continuous cloud cover and frequent conversion to pastures or cropland. The goal of...AuthorsMichael J. Battaglia, Angela Lafuente, Juan C. Benavides, Erik Lilleskov, Rodney A. Chimner, Laura L. Bourgeau-Chavez, Patrick Nicolás. Skillings-NeiraKeywordsSourceFrontiers in ClimateYear2024
- Peatlands are found on all continents, covering 3% of the global land area. However, the spatial extent and causes of metal enrichment in peatlands is understudied and no attempt has been made to evaluate global patterns of metal enrichment in bog and fen peatlands, despite that certain metals and rare earth elements (REE) arise from anthropogenic sources. We analyzed 368 peat cores sampled in 16 countries across five continents and measured metal and other element concentrations at three depths down to 70 cm as well as estimated cumulative atmospheric S deposition (1850–2009) for each...AuthorsChetwynd Osborne, Spencer Gilbert-Parkes, Graeme Spiers, Louis James Lamit, Erik Lilleskov, Nathan Basiliko, Shaun Watmough, Roxanne Andersen, Rebekka E. Artz, Brian W. Benscoter, Luca Bragazza, Suzanna L. Bräuer, Michael A. Carson, Xin Chen, Rodney A. Chimner, Bev R. Clarkson, Andrea S. Enriquez, Samantha P. Grover, Lorna I Harris, Christina Hazard, John Hribljan, Sari Juutinen, Evan Kane, Klaus-Holger Knorr, Randy Kolka, Anna M. Laine, Tuula Larmola, Carmody K. McCalley, Jim McLaughlin, Tim R. Moore, Nadia Mykytczuk, Anna E. Normand, David Olefeldt, Virginia Rich, Nigel Roulet, Danielle L. Rupp, Jasmine Rutherford, Christopher W. Schadt, Oliver Sonnentag, Leho Tedersoo, Carl C. Trettin, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Merritt Turetsky, Zuzana Urbanová, Ruth K. Varner, Mark P. Waldrop, Meng Wang, Zheng Wang, Magdalena M. Wiedermann, Shanay T. Williams, Joseph B. Yavitt, Zhi-Guo YuKeywordsSourceArchives of Environmental Contamination and ToxicologyYear2024
- Mountain peatlands are understudied globally, especially in tropical regions such as the Andes. Their high abundance across the landscape and thick carbon (C)-rich soils establish them as regionally important C reservoirs. However, they are at high risk of degradation due to unsustainable land use and climate change. Mitigation of these threats requires detailed inventories of C stocks present and improved understanding of the major drivers of long-term C accumulation in these ecosystems. We cored 24 peatlands located between 3000 and 4800 m elevation across Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and...AuthorsJohn A. Hribljan, Moira Hough, Erik Lilleskov, Esteban Suarez, Katherine A. Heckman, Ana Maria Planas-Clarke, Rodney A. ChimnerKeywordsSourceMitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global ChangeYear2024
- Humans have dramatically increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition globally. This increase in N deposition is correlated with shifts from ectomycorrhizal to arbuscular mycorrhizal tree dominance and with the decline or disappearance of key taxa of ectomycorrhizal fungal (EcMF) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities. Strong plant-soil microbe-soil feedbacks may slow recovery of forest mycorrhizal communities after abatement of N deposition. Current estimates of critical loads are 5–6 kg N ha−1 year−1 for conifer-associated EcMF and 10–20 kg N ha−1 year−1 for broadleaf...AuthorsErik Lilleskov, Thomas W. Kuyper, Martin I. Bidartondo, Erik A. HobbieKeywordsSourceIn: Enzai, Du; de Vries, Wim, eds. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition to global forests. London: Academic Press: 95-118.Year2024
- Context Non-native invasive plants are a growing threat to forests. Meanwhile, the amount of forest within the wildland-urban interface (WUI) is increasing, with housing-associated disturbances enabling the spread of non-native plants. Objectives We tested whether (1) WUI or non-WUI forests are more invaded, (2) WUI intermix forests (houses mingling with forest) are more invaded than interface forests (housing abutting forest), (3) invasion in WUI forests is delayed (invasion debt) following housing development, and (4) WUI forest invasion is associated with land cover context (a proxy for...AuthorsKevin M. Potter, Kurt Riitters, Basil V Iannone, Qinfeng Guo, Songlin FeiKeywordsSourceJournalYear2024