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Displaying 3,991 - 4,000 of 65,131 Publications- 1. Fragmentation of habitat, for example by intensive agricultural practices, can be detrimental to local biodiversity. However, it often remains unclear whether such biodiversity declines are caused by loss of habitat area or increased fragmentation, and how habitat quality factors into it. In our study system, vegetated vineyards are typically small, and isolated from one another, potentially limiting the distribution and dispersal of organisms.2. In a full-factorial experiment of a priori selected vegetated vineyard patches of differing size and fragmentation, we aimed to disentangle...AuthorsLaura Bosco, Valentin Moser, Mirkka M. Jones, Oystein Opedal, Otso Ovaskainen, Gerber Sonja, Roel Van Klink, Samuel A. Cushman, Raphael Arlettaz, Alain JacotKeywordsSourceEcological Solutions and Evidence. 4: e12193.Year2023
- Numerous studies have shown that climate change has altered avian timing of breeding. However, little is known about climate-driven changes in offspring production. We collected long-term breeding data on 201 populations of 104 bird species (N = 745,962 clutches) from all continents, between 1970 and 2019, to assess temporal changes in annual offspring production by female breeders in relation to changes in local temperatures and species’ life history traits. Overall, offspring production declined over time, but responses of different populations to rising temperatures were diverse. Our...AuthorsAndrew G. Wood, Andrzej Wuczyński, Dariusz Wysocki, Markéta Zárybnická, Antoni Margalida, Konrad Halupka, Lucyna Halupka, Debora Arlt, Jere Tolvanen, Alexandre Millon, Pierre Bize, Peter Adamík, Pascal Albert, Wayne J. Arendt, Alexander V Artemyev, Vittorio Baglione, Jerzy Bańbura, Mirosława Bańbura, Emilio Barba, Robert T. Barrett, Peter H. Becker, Eugen Belskii, Mark Bolton, E. Keith Bowers, Joël Bried, Lyanne Brouwer, Monika Bukacińska, Dariusz Bukaciński, Lesley Bulluck, Kate F. Carstens, Inês Catry, Motti Charter, Anna Chernomorets, Rita Covas, Monika Czuchra, Donald C. Dearborn, Florentino de Lope, Adrián S. Di Giacomo, Valery C. Dombrovski, Hugh Drummond, Michael J. Dunn, Tapio Eeva, Louise M. Emmerson, Yngve Espmark, Juan A. Fargallo, Sergey I Gashkov, Elena Yu. Golubova, Michael Griesser, Michael P. Harris, Jeffrey P. Hoover, Zuzanna Jagiełło, Patrik Karell, Janusz Kloskowski, Walter D. Koenig, Heikki Kolunen, Małgorzata Korczak-Abshire, Erkki Korpimäki, Indrikis Krams, Miloš Krist, Sonja C. Krüger, Boris D. Kuranov, Xavier Lambin, Michael P. Lombardo, Andrey Lyakhov, Alfonso Marzal, Anders P. Møller, Verónica C. Neves, Jan Tøttrup Nielsen, Alexander Numerov, Beata Orłowska, Daniel Oro, Markus Öst, Richard A. Phillips, Hannu Pietiäinen, Vicente Polo, Jiří Porkert, Jaime Potti, Hannu Pöysä, Thierry Printemps, Jouke Prop, Petra Quillfeldt, Jaime A. Ramos, Pierre-Alain Ravussin, Robert N. Rosenfield, Alexandre Roulin, Dustin R. Rubenstein, Irina E. Samusenko, Denis A. Saunders, Michael Schaub, Juan C. Senar, Fabrizio Sergio, Tapio Solonen, Diana V Solovyeva, Janusz Stępniewski, Paul M. Thompson, Marcin Tobolka, János Török, Martijn van de Pol, Louis Vernooij, Marcel E. Visser, David F. Westneat, Nathaniel T. Wheelwright, Jarosław Wiącek, Karen L. WiebeSourceProceedings of the National Academy of SciencesYear2023
- The relationship between traffic and forest road erosion has been studied for decades, and the answer to the question “what happens when traffic is present on unpaved forest roads?” is simple: erosion increases. However, the answer to the question “why does it increase?” is complex and requires us to consider forest road erosion through an integrated lens. Fully understanding how traffic affects forest road erosion will allow us to control forest road erosion effectively. In this synthesis, we look at forest road erosion literature and focus the discussion on the interactions between...AuthorsAmanda D. Alvis, Charlie H. Luce, Erkan IstanbulluogluSourceEnvironmental Reviews. 31: 182-194.Year2023
- Global efforts to protect biodiversity have fallen short and global threats, including energy development, are prevalent. Assessing impacts of energy development helps determine if protected areas, particularly wilderness areas, can conserve biodiversity, natural habitats, and sustain ecological processes inherent in ecosystems. We quantified the amount of energy development around wilderness areas, evaluated rate of change in energy development, assessed if nearby public land provides a safeguard from energy development, and identified wilderness areas surrounded by the most energy...AuthorsJocelyn L. Aycrigg, T. Ryan McCarley, Sebastian Martinuzzi, R. Travis Belote, Mackensie Bosher, Connor Bailey, Matt C. ReevesKeywordsSourceBiological Conservation. 279: 109907.Year2023
- This paper reviews the current knowledge of hydrological processes in Chilean temperate forests which extend along western South America from latitude 29◦ S to 56◦ S. This geographic region includes a diverse range of natural and planted forests and a broad sweep of vegetation, edaphic, topographic, geologic, and climatic settings which create a unique natural laboratory. Many local communities, endangered freshwater ecosystems, and downstream economic activities in Chile rely on water flows from forested catchments. This review aims to (i) provide a comprehensive overview of Chilean...AuthorsFrancisco Balocchi, Mauricio Galleguillos, Diego Rivera, Alejandra Stehr, Jose Luis Arumi, Roberto Pizarro, Pablo Garcia-Chevesich, Andres Iroume, Juan J. Armesto, Pedro Herve-Fernandez, Carlos Oyarzun, Pilar Barria, Christian Little, Gabriel Mancilla, Santiago Yepez, Rolando Rodriguez, Don A. White, Richard P. Silberstein, Dan G. Neary, Pablo Ramirez de ArellanoSourceJournal of Hydrology. 616: 128681.Year2023
- Restoration planning requires a reliable seed supply, yet many projects occur in response to unplanned events. Identifying regions of greater disturbance risk could efficiently guide seed procurement. Using fire in U.S. Cold Deserts as an example, we demonstrate how historic disturbance can inform seed production choices. We compared differences in fire frequency, area burned, and percent of area burned among different management areas, identifying regions of particular need.We also present a case study focused on fire occurrence within important wildlife habitat, specifically looking at...AuthorsSarah C. Barga, Francis F. Kilkenny, Scott L. Jensen, Sarah M. Kulpa, Alison C. Agneray, Elizabeth A. LegerKeywordsSourceRestoration Ecology. e14007.Year2023
- Old-growth forests are globally valued for their ecological attributes, cultural significance, and in many cases their rarity. Yet, defining and quantifying these forests has been a difficult task. This study developed an approach to consistently estimate extent of old-growth forest on United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service National Forest System (NFS) lands, using NFS regional old-growth definitions applied to the US national forest inventory (conducted by the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis [FIA] program). This method was developed in response to...AuthorsKristen A. Pelz, G. Hayward, A.N. Gray, Erin Berryman, Christopher W. W. Woodall, A. Nathanson, N.A. MorganKeywordsSourceForest Ecology and Management. 549: 121437.Year2023
- Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) substrates that are inexpensive, biodegradable, and quickly incinerable, are potential substrates for disposable RF applications. In this paper, high-performance flexible microwave lumped elements and filters fabricated on flexible CNF substrates are reported. A spiral inductor with a resonance frequency of 29.8 GHz and quality (Q) factor of 8.5 and a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor with a resonance frequency of 45 GHz and Q factor of 85.2 were achieved in a 200 μm thick CNF substrate. Meanwhile, the inductor and capacitor exhibit outstanding mechanical...AuthorsShuoyang Qiu, Huilong Zhang, Qiangu Yan, Linda Katehi, Shaoqin Gong, Zhiyong Cai, Zhenqiang Ma, SHUOYANG QIUKeywordsSourceIEEE Journal of MicrowavesYear2023
- Sustainable timber use is vital to the health of American forests, and building materials represent a significant market for wood materials. However, due to the combustible nature of wood, wood building products are at risk of both becoming target fuel and contributing to the fuel load/fire spread. To reduce the risks, fire protection measures, such as fire-retardant treatments, can be employed. Here, a summary of current research related to the fire protection of wood building products is provided from exterior uses in the wildland-urban interface to interior applications for tall wood...AuthorsLaura Hasburgh, Grant T. Kirker, Katie M. Ohno, Rachel A. Arango, Kara Yedinak, Samuel L. ZelinkaSourcePaper in 119th Annual Meeting of AWPAYear2023
- Lignin is a waste product in the paper industry and lignocellulosic biorefineries, in addition to being the second most abundant renewable biopolymer on Earth. Valorization of useless lignin into high value-added advanced materials not only helps address the environmentally detrimental biowaste but also satisfies the societal need for energy. While lignin has been converted into porous carbon, made into slurry, and pasted onto metal forms as an electrode for lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors, there remains issues with how to scale up the process while achieving great area and mass...AuthorsManish Neupane, Qiangu Yan, Rui He, Rihab Masmoudi, Yifeng Liu, Zoe Benedict, Jinwu Wang, Carl Tripp, Pei Dong, Zhiyong Cai, Yingchao YangKeywordsSourceBatteries & SupercapsYear2023