Treesearch

Availability of and access to wood identification expertise or technology is a critical component for the design and implementation of practical, enforceable strategies for effective promotion, monitoring and incentivisation of sustainable practices and conservation efforts in the forest products value chain. To address this need in the context of the multi-billion-dollar North American wood products industry 22-class, image-based, deep learning models for the macroscopic identification of North American diffuse porous hardwoods were trained for deployment on the open-source, field-deployab...

A review covering a synopsis of the history of forest sustainability concepts and how it has led to the social, economic, and legal frameworks, criteria and indicators, and key incentive programs, which promote and influence conservation and sustainable management of forests in the United States of America is presented in two parts. The main findings show that the United States of America is a world leader in sustainable forest management, demonstrated by the fact that since the beginning of the 20th Century, forest area has been relatively stable although the population has increased, and...

Purposefully planted trees and shrubs can provide multiple benefits when appropriately planned and designed. Tools to help select species that will function more effectively than other species for ecosystem services, production, and aesthetic purposes are generally lacking. To address this challenge, we developed an interactive plant selection tool entitled Tree Advisor that rates woody species for a wide range of different purposes based on plant attributes. In this prototype decision support tool, 90 species of trees and shrubs are rated for 14 different purposes in the northern and...

Mountain headwater streams have emerged as important climate refuges for native cold-water species due to their slow climate velocities and extreme physical conditions that inhibit non-native invasions. Species persisting in refuges often do so as fragmented, relict populations from broader historical distributions that are subject to ongoing habitat reductions and increasing isolation as climate change progresses. Key for conservation planning is determining where remaining populations will persist and how habitat restoration strategies can improve biological resilience to enhance the...

High-elevation five-needle pines are foundational species and iconic components of subalpine forests across western North America. Because they often grow at environmental extremes, high-elevation pines are vulnerable to changing climate conditions. In addition to the direct effects of recent climatic changes, these species are increasingly threatened by biotic disturbances that thrive in the warming and drying conditions now occurring at higher elevations. Among the high-elevation pines, Great Basin bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva) is revered for its extreme longevity and has been...

Composition of pyrolysis gases for wildland fuels is often determined using ground samples heated in non-oxidising environments. Results are applied to wildland fires where fuels change spatially and temporally, resulting in variable fire behaviour with variable heating. Though historically used, applicability of traditional pyrolysis results to the wildland fire setting is unknown. Pyrolytic and flaming combustion gases measured in wind tunnel fires and prescribed burns were compared using compositional data techniques. CO2was dominant in both. Other dominant gases included CO, H2and CH4....

In forests where the overstorey canopy has been disturbed by timber harvest or other means, evapotranspiration (ET) by the understorey may be the main flux of water back to the atmosphere. However, little research has been apportioned to directly measuring understorey water use, and the technology to do so is thus limited. Here, we used a portable chamber to quickly and directly measure understorey ET by measuring the water flux from the soil and vegetation enclosed by the chamber. This method was used in a third-growth coast redwood forest to measure ET rates from individuals of five...

November month-over-month and year-over-year housing data were primarily positive. Only single-family housing completions were negative month-over-month. Single-family starts, permits, completions and new sales were negative year-over-year. Single-family permits and starts, total housing completions, and new and existing house sales were negative year-over-year. Existing house sales also were negative year-over-year. Completions continue to be restrained due to the unavailability of building materials and products, combined with other factors. Thus, certain builders may be reluctant to...

The month-over-month and year-over-year housing data for October were mostly positive. Total and single-family starts and single-family housing completions were negative month-over-month. Single-family permits and starts, total housing completions, and new and existing house sales were negative year-over-year. Currently there are more multifamily units under construction than at any time over the past 47 years. Completions remained restrained due to the unavailability of building materials and products, among other factors. Thus, certain builders may be reluctant to start new projects...

Effects of historical fire suppression in forested ecosystems, combined with increasingly frequent and prolonged periods of drought due to a changing climate, are predicted to drive increases in the extent and intensity of wildfires in western North America and elsewhere. Understanding the effects of wildfires on forest-dependent species and interactions among species is important for conservation and management decisions. We used data collected from a long-term carnivore monitoring program in northern California and southern Oregon, USA to investigate the effects of three mixed-severity...