Treesearch

Barestem biscuitroot occurs in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and southern British Columbia (Hitchcock et al. 1961; Lesica 2012). Populations occur on both sides of the Cascade Mountain Range, as far south as central California and Nevada, and as far east as western Utah and Idaho (Hermann 1966; Munz and Keck 1973; Welsh et al. 2016; Hitchcock and Cronquist 2018). Barestem biscuitroot appeared west of the Cascade Range about 4,500 years ago and was likely brought from the high desert interior by the Salish peoples. On Washington’s Waldron Island, barestem biscuitroot is found...

Silverleaf phacelia occurs from British Columbia and Alberta east to the western parts of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska and south to southern Colorado, Utah, Nevada, and California. It is found in all counties of Utah and Nevada, nearly all counties of Wyoming and Idaho, and all but the coastal areas of Washington, Oregon, and California (USDA NRCS 2021).

This study estimates an econometric Ricardian model of the effects of climate on forestry using a novel national data set of county-level net economic returns to forestland. Results show that climate change projections to 2050 will increase forest net returns on the middle latitudes of eastern U.S. timberland. We quantify the value of extensive margin adaptation to climate change by separately estimating climate's effect on 11 distinct forest types. We find that approximately 69% of the positive climate change effect on eastern U.S. forestry arises from the value of extensive margin...

Orange agoseris (Agoseris aurantiaca [Hook.] Greene) belongs to the Cichorieae tribe of the Asteraceae family (Lee et al. 2003). NRCS Plant Code. AGAU2 (USDA NRCS 2020).

Annual agoseris grows from British Columbia to Baja California and in all US states west of western Montana and western New Mexico except for Wyoming and Colorado (Baird 2006; Jensen 2007). Variety heterophylla is found throughout the range described for the species (Fig. 1; Baird 2004, 2006). Variety cryptopleura occurs in the foothills and Coast Mountain ranges surrounding California’s Great Central Valley. Variety quentinii grows in Arizona and New Mexico (Baird 2006).

Shaggy fleabane occurs from southern British Columbia south through the Cascade Mountains of Washington and Oregon to central and eastern California and west to North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas (Nesom 2006; Hitchcock and Cronquist 2018; USDA NRCS 2021). According to PLANTS (USDA NRCS 2021), shaggy fleabane also occurs in Manitoba and a handful of counties in Arizona and New Mexico. Shaggy fleabane appeared in 29 of 50 local floras from throughout the Basin and Range and Colorado Plateau physiographic provinces (McLaughlin 1986).

In this work, TEMPO cellulose nanofibril (TOCNF) laminates were fabricated using a layup method. Two different TOCNF layers were tested, a neat TOCNF and a TOCNF with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) strengthening aid with four different epoxy formulations as interlayers for the laminates. Flexural testing showed a correlation between the presence of stronger layers (TOCNFs + PVA) in the laminate with a higher flexural strength, bending modulus, and work of failure. Different modes of fracture within the laminates occurred based on epoxy type. A stiffer epoxy generated a reduced mechanical response...

International demand for wood and other forest products continues to grow rapidly, and uncertainties remain about how animal communities will respond to intensifying resource extraction associated with woody bioenergy production. We examined changes in alpha and beta diversity of bats, bees, birds, and reptiles across wood production landscapes in the southeastern United States, a biodiversity hotspot that is one of the principal sources of woody biomass globally. We sampled across a spatial gradient of paired forest landuses (representing pre and postharvest) that allowed us to evaluate...

Climate change and fire suppression have altered disturbance regimes in forest ecosystems globally. In the seasonally dry forests of western North America, large-scale restoration may reduce severe fire and increase forest resilience but also eliminate existing habitat for sensitive wildlife species. We modeled bioregional-scale effects of forest restoration on future severe fire activity and occupancy dynamics of an old-forest species declining in abundance, the spotted owl (Strix occidentalis), in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California. Our findings suggest restoring historical forest...

Throughout history a great many plant species have been purposefully transported to new areas around the globe. Horticulture, the promise of new sources of plant material for industry, forage, food, and stabilization of soil are only a few of the motives for the early transcontinental exchange of plants. Many introductions have been beneficial or benign, but some plants introduced into new areas are now considered invasive and detrimentally impact the environment. Triadica sebifera (Chinese Tallowtree; Euphorbiaceae) is an excellent example of the best intentions leading to unanticipated...