Treesearch

It is now well established that humans are the most powerful influence on the environment. The scale, pace and intensity of human activity is fundamentally altering earth’s climate system (IPCC, 2014) and driving global biodiversity and ecosystem decline (IPBES, 2019). Simultaneously, new forms and patterns of mobility are emerging and accelerating in a world driven by globalised market forces, new technologies, media transformations and related cultural trends of late modernity (Stokols, 2018; Boccagni, 2017; Cresswell, 1996). Indeed, during the final stages of preparing this volume we...

We opened this volume with sobering stories of the dire global challenges before us. Indeed, one would not be hard pressed to find stories of the urgency of our various environmental and social crises. While we wrote this book, the COVID-19 pandemic raged, towns in the Arctic reached unprecedented temperatures, countless hectares of forests fell while fossil fuels continued to be violently extracted from the earth, and Black, Indigenous and people of colour continued to be exploited and oppressed. Yet, despite all this, or rather because of it, we wish to begin our conclusion with hope and...

Current trajectories of global climate change call for a dramatic rethinking of the ways in which human communities navigate their relationships with each other and the natural world. In lieu of global mitigation efforts, communities, governments and other resource managers around the world are consequently being forced to adapt their livelihoods, values and practices to a rapidly changing climate. As scholars increasingly recognise, responding to the impact of dramatic changes across scales, landscapes and communities requires substantial collaboration, and many have identified ‘place’ as...

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are created where a diverse array of microorganisms colonize the surface and upper few millimeters of the soil and create a consolidated crust. They were originally described from arid ecosystems where vascular vegetation is naturally sparse or absent. They have since been discovered in all terrestrial ecosystems. Where present, they perform a variety of important ecological functions, including the capture and accumulation of water and essential plant nutrients, and their release in forms useful to vascular plants. They also stabilize the soil surface against...

A tylenchid nematode parasite of a male long-legged fly, Tachytrechus sanus Osten Sacken (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Montana, USA is described as Parasitylenchus myiophagus n. sp. (Nematoda: Parasitylenchidae). The new species is characterized by the presence of an extremely long first generation female and numerous short and wide second generation males and females produced in “enclosed” clusters in the host’s body cavity. Both generation female nematodes are ovoviviparous, with short stylets lacking knobs and simple tails lacking spikes, palps or mucrons. The second generation males...

The Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) has a rich and long history of research focused on peatland hydrology and biogeochemistry (Kolka et al. 2011c). Research at MEF has encompassed atmospheric deposition chemistry, peatland nutrient cycling, mercury (Hg) cycling, soil properties, tree-stand dynamics, and climate change. Various watershed treatments have been applied to uplands, bogs, or fens to investigate impacts of management practices on water yield, peak streamflow, water quality, and nutrient processing (Kolka et al. 2011b, Verry et al. 2011a). Biogeochemical research at MEF has...

Element biogeochemistry in streams has a long record of study at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) corresponding to the studies of watershed element cycling. Much of these studies focused on how streams control nutrient transport and storage. Although fewer HBEF studies have addressed how nutrients control stream processes than at some other experimental forests and ranges (EFRs) and long-term ecological research (LTER) sites (Benstead et al. 2009, Davis et al. 2010, Rosemond et al. 2015, Slavik et al. 2004), some studies at HBEF have addressed nutrient or cation enrichment (Hall et...

This chapter reviews and synthesizes research on factors associated with stream water quality at the Priest River Experimental Forest (PREF). In particular, it is intended to inform regional water quality regulatory agencies, such as Idaho Department of Environmental Quality (IDEQ) and Idaho Department of Lands (IDL) on PREF’s available resources and its potential usefulness for conducting synthetic and field research designed to increase science-based knowledge on factors associated with stream water quality.

This chapter is a review and synthesis of research on stream nutrients from the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA) located in the western Cascade Mountains of Oregon. This research includes studies, some of which originated in the 1960s, in streams through reference forests and harvested watersheds. In addition to providing foundational information for researchers and managers, the information in this chapter serves to inform national and regional water quality regulatory agencies about results of relevant scientific studies at HJA. The chapter also identifies questions of potential...

Anoplophora chinensis (Forster) is a xylophagous invasive cerambycid whose larvae feed on the lower bole and exposed roots of many tree species in orchard, urban, and forested habitats. Larval survival and development of A. chinensis from Italy and China were evaluated at eight constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40°C). Development was slow or did not occur at temperatures ≤10 and >35°C. The TMin for the first six instars and the pupa was <10°C, while TMin for the higher instars was closer to 12°C. The ultimate instar for both populations was insensitive to temperature....