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Displaying 6,941 - 6,950 of 65,178 Publications- The established methods for determining the effects of ultrastructural changes in structural wood members rely upon traditional, possibly outmoded, testing paradigms. These methods usually involve destructive testing of wood specimens that are exposed to environmental conditions infrequently experienced in buildings. Understanding how the ultrastructure changes with time within the same specimen is crucial for building practitioners in assessing risks to lifesafety, assessing remaining service life of structural components, and aiding in the identification of mitigation or remediation...AuthorsRobert Lepage, Samuel V. Glass, Paul Y. de la Bastide, Phalguni MukhopadhyayaKeywordsSourceJournal of Testing and EvaluationYear2021
- In this study, we investigated the durability of adhesive bonds in the cross-laminated lumber of seven hardwood and two softwood species from the Great Lakes region. The 2-layered cross-laminations were glued using phenol resorcinol- and melamine-based structural adhesives. A total of 720 cross-laminated wood blocks were tested for delamination by exposing the samples to cyclic (wet-dry) conditions. Distribution of the adhesive on the bondlines was also studied to understand the effect of adhesive penetration on bond durability. The results indicated that mixed hardwood cross-laminations...AuthorsMunkaila Musah, Xiping Wang, Yvette Dickinson, Robert J. Ross, Mark Rudnicki, Xinfeng XieSourceConstruction and Building MaterialsYear2021
- Chemical coprecipitation technique is proven to be a beneficial method to prepare uniformly mixed catalyst metal and Kraft lignin precursors. Coprecipitation is a simple, yet very complex process which is highly sensitive to the reaction conditions, particularly temperature. In an exothermic coprecipitation process, the reaction rate can become uncontrollable over certain temperatures which could lead to a thermal runaway reaction. In this work, metal-lignin nanocomposites were synthesized by coprecipitation of metal (M) salts and Kraft lignin. Kraft lignin and metal salts were dissolved...AuthorsQiangu Yan, Zhiyong CaiKeywordsSourceJournal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and MaterialsYear2021
- Droughts in a warming climate have become more common and more extreme, making understanding forest responses to water stress increasingly pressing. Analysis of water stress in trees has long focused on water potential in xylem and leaves, which influences stomatal closure and water flow through the soil-plant- atmosphere continuum. At the same time, changes of vegetation water content (VWC) are linked to a range of tree responses, including fluxes of water and carbon, mortality, flammability, and more. Unlike water potential, which requires demanding in situ measurements, VWC can be...AuthorsAlexandra G. Konings, Sassan S. Saatchi, Christian Frankenberg, Michael Keller, Victor Leshyk, William R. L. Anderegg, Vincent Humphrey, Ashley M. Matheny, Anna Trugman, Lawren Sack, Elizabeth Agee, Mallory L. Barnes, Oliver Binks, Kerry Cawse‐Nicholson, Bradley O. Christoffersen, Dara Entekhabi, Pierre Gentine, Nataniel M. Holtzman, Gabriel G. Katul, Yanlan Liu, Marcos Longo, Jordi Martinez‐Vilalta, Nate McDowell, Patrick Meir, Maurizio Mencuccini, Assaad Mrad, Kimberly Novick, Rafael S. Oliveira, Paul Siqueira, Susan C. Steele‐Dunne, David R. Thompson, Yujie Wang, Richard Wehr, Jeffrey D. Wood, Xiangtao Xu, Pieter A. ZuidemaKeywordsSourceGlobal Change BiologyYear2021
- This is 1 of 23 guides to help Southeastern U.S. producers of economically important agricultural commodities build resilience to, prepare for, and recover from hurricane impacts. All guides can be found on the USDA Southeast Climate Hub Hurricane Preparation and Recovery Commodity Guides website.AuthorsMichael Parker, Lenny WellsSourceGeneral Technical Report (1 of 23 volumes)Year2021
- U.S. wood products industry members constantly strive to determine how to best promote and position their industry and products. Studies show that many in the public know little about the industry or the variety of wood products produced and hold a generally negative perception of the industry. In addition to combatting public perception and unfamiliarity, the industry also faces a labor problem. As older employees retire, enticing younger generations to work in a field that they know little about or are not interested in makes it challenging to fill empty positions with skilled employees.AuthorsKassandra Stout, Iris B. MontagueKeywordsSourceThe Merchant Magazine. October 2021: 10-11.Year2021
- Background: The walnut family (Juglandaceae) contains commercially important woody trees commonly called walnut, wingnut, pecan and hickory. Phylogenetic relationships and diversification within the Juglandaceae are classic and hot scientific topics that have been elucidated by recent fossil, morphological, molecular, and (paleo) environmental data. Further resolution of relationships among and within genera is still needed and can be achieved by analysis of the variation of chloroplast, mtDNA, and nuclear genomes. Results: We reconstructed the backbone phylogenetic relationships of...AuthorsHuijuan Zhou, Yiheng Hu, Aziz Ebrahimi, Peiliang Liu, Keith Woeste, Peng Zhao, Shuoxin ZhangKeywordsSourceBMC Ecology and EvolutionYear2021
- Owls are important avian predators in forested systems, but little is known about landscape use by most forest-adapted owl species in environments impacted by mixed-severity wildfire. To better understand species-specific patterns of post-wildfire landscape use within an owl guild, we used passive acoustic monitoring using autonomous recording units. The technology is effective for multi-species surveys, especially if some species are rare, nocturnal, or difficult to detect by traditional means. In 2017, we surveyed the interior and adjacent unburned areas of a 10,700-ha mixed-severity...AuthorsLeila S. Duchac, Damon B. Lesmeister, Katie M. Dugger, Raymond J. DavisKeywordsSourceEcosphere. 12(10): 25-45.Year2021
- Utility pole failures are a known cause of wildland fires. Over the past 15 years in the U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Idaho Boise District, 299 wildland fires have been related to electric utility powerline structure failures, an average of 20 wildland fires per year. Routine inspection and maintenance would likely reduce the number of wildland fires caused by utility pole failures. The sheer number of poles and the great distances over which electrical lines span in the BLM Idaho Boise District are factors that complicate regular inspections. BLM recognizes...AuthorsRobert J. Ross, Christopher Adam Senalik, Rubin Shmulsky, Brian BrashawKeywordsSourceFS General Technical Report (GTR)Year2021
- This is 1 of 23 guides to help Southeastern U.S. producers of economically important agricultural commodities build resilience to, prepare for, and recover from hurricane impacts. All guides can be found on the USDA Southeast Climate Hub Hurricane Preparation and Recovery Commodity Guides website.AuthorsBobby Golden, Dustin Harrell, Jeffrey MansourSourceGeneral Technical Report (1 of 23 volumes)Year2021