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Displaying 931 - 940 of 65,140 Publications- Airborne microbes such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi are a major cause of respiratory ailments, including allergies and pathogenic infections. Despite advances in modern healthcare and public health measures, preventing the transmission of airborne microbes is still very challenging. The microbes may stay alive for a while after landing on a face mask, giving them the chance to infect another individual. In face masks, the laminated materials are primarily made of nonrenewable polystyrene, polyethylene, polycarbonate, or polyester fibers and are even coated with polytetrafluoroethylene...AuthorsManish Neupane, Zhenyu Shen, Xiahua Zhong, Qiangu Yan, Dale K. Hensley, Katelynn Marquez, Jinwu Wang, Zhiyong Cai, Yingchao YangKeywordsSourceACS Applied Bio MaterialsYear2025
- Managing carbon stocks in the land, ocean, and atmosphere under changing climate requires a globally‐integrated view of carbon cycle processes at local and regional scales. The growing Earth Observation (EO) record is the backbone of this multi‐scale system, providing local information with discrete coverage from surface measurements and regional information at global scale from satellites. Carbon flux information, anchored by inverse estimates from spaceborne Greenhouse Gas (GHG) concentrations, provides an important top‐down view of carbon emissions and sinks, but currently lacks global...AuthorsN. Parazoo, D. Carroll, J. B. Abshire, Y. M. Bar‐On, R. A. Birdsey, A. A. Bloom, K. W. Bowman, R. K. Braghiere, L. M. Bruhwiler, B. Byrne, A. Chatterjee, D. Crisp, L. Duncanson, A. F. Feldman, A. M. Fox, C. Frankenberg, B. A. Gay, F. Hopkins, F. M. Hoffman, J. R. Holmquist, L. R. Hutyra, Michael Keller, C. D. Koven, J. L. Laughner, J. Liu, N. S. Lovenduski, N. Macbean, G. A. McKinley, G. McNicol, D. Menemenlis, A. M. Michalak, C. E. Miller, H. Nesser, T. Oda, E. M. Ordway, L. E. Ott, K. Paustian, Z. A. Pierrat, B. Poulter, S. C. Reed, D. S. Schimel, S. P. Serbin, S. S. Saatchi, H. Suto, L. Windham‐Myers, D. WunchSourceAGU AdvancesYear2025
- Before new termiticides can be marketed, sold or applied in the United States, they must be registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Part of this registration process is the collection of efficacy data indicating the product prevents termite movement past treated soil — that the product provides a “barrier.” EPA’s Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPTS) is the registration body that handles candidate termiticides.Based on methods developed in the late 1930s and 1960s, the guidelines for these efficacy trials are codified in OPPTS 810.3600. Data that are...AuthorsThomas G. Shelton, Craig Bell, Shawn Cooper, Grant T. Kirker, Mark E. MankowskiKeywordsSourcePest Management ProfessionalYear2025
- Environmental observation networks, such as AmeriFlux, are foundational for monitoring ecosystem response to climate change, management practices, and natural disturbances; however, their effectiveness depends on their representativeness for the regions or continents. We proposed an empirical, time series approach to quantify the similarity of ecosystem fluxes across AmeriFlux sites. We extracted the diel and seasonal characteristics (i.e., amplitudes, phases) from carbon dioxide, water vapor, energy, and momentum fluxes, which reflect the effects of climate, plant phenology, and ecophysiol...AuthorsDavid E Reed, Housen Chu, Brad G. Peter, Jiquan Chen, Michael Abraha, Brian Amiro, Ray G. Anderson, M. Altaf Arain, Paulo Arruda, Greg A. Barron-Gafford, Carl Bernacchi, Daniel P. Beverly, Sebastien C. Biraud, T. Andrew Black, Peter D. Blanken, Gil Bohrer, Rebecca Bowler, David R. Bowling, M. Syndonia Bret-Harte, Mario Bretfeld, Nathaniel A. Brunsell, Stephen H. Bullock, Gerardo Celis, Xingyuan Chen, Aimee T. Classen, David R. Cook, Alejandro Cueva, Higo J. Dalmagro, Kenneth Davis, Ankur Desai, Alison J. Duff, Allison L. Dunn, David Durden, Colin W. Edgar, Eugenie Euskirchen, Rosvel Bracho, Brent Ewers, Lawrence B. Flanagan, Christopher Florian, Vanessa Foord, Inke Forbrich, Brandon R. Forsythe, John M. Frank, Jaime Garatuza-Payan, Sarah Goslee, Christopher Gough, Mark Green, Timothy Griffis, Manuel Helbig, Andrew Hill, Ross Hinkle, Jason Horne, Elyn Humphreys, Hiroki Ikawa, Go Iwahana, Rachhpal Jassal, Bruce Johnson, Mark Johnson, Steven A. Kannenberg, Eric Kelsey, John King, John F. Knowles, Sara Knox, Hideki Kobayashi, Thomas Kolb, Randy Kolka, Ken W. Krauss, Lars Kutzbach, Brian Lamb, Beverly Law, Sung-Ching Lee, Xuhui Lee, Heping Liu, Henry W. Loescher, Sparkle L. Malone, Roser Matamala, Marguerite Mauritz, Stefan Metzger, Gesa Meyer, Bhaskar Mitra, J. William Munger, Zoran Nesic, Asko Noormets, Thomas L. O'Halloran, Patrick T O'Keeffe, Steven F. Oberbauer, Walter Oechel, Patty Oikawa, Paulo C. Olivas, Andrew Ouimette, Gilberto Pastorello, Jorge F. Perez-Quezada, Claire Phillips, Gabriela Posse, Bo Qu, William L. Quinton, Michele L. Reba, Andrew D. Richardson, Valentin Picasso, Adrian V. Rocha, Julio C. Rodriguez, Roel Ruzol, Scott Saleska, Russell L. Scott, Adam P. Schreiner-McGraw, Edward A.G. Schuur, Maria Silveira, Oliver Sonnentag, David L. Spittlehouse, Ralf Staebler, Gregory Starr, Christina Staudhammer, Chris Still, Cove Sturtevant, Ryan C. Sullivan, Andy Suyker, David Trejo, Masahito Ueyama, Rodrigo Vargas, Brian Viner, Enrique R. Vivoni, Dong Wang, Eric J. Ward, Susanne Wiesner, Lisamarie Windham-Myers, David Yannick, Enrico A. Yepez, Terenzio Zenone, Junbin Zhao, Donatella ZonaSourceAgricultural and Forest Meteorology. 372: 110686.Year2025
- In seasonally snow‐covered ecosystems, changing temperatures and snowpack dynamics under climate change have increased the occurrence and duration of soil temperatures that support microbial activity during plant dormancy. During these periods of microbial activity without plant activity (i.e., plant‐microbe asynchronies), soil nutrients that build up are vulnerable to leaching loss, with potentially important consequences for ecosystem productivity. Furthermore, asynchronies likely do not occur uniformly in space; rather, their occurrence may be modulated by subsurface characteristics....AuthorsStephanie M. Juice, Paul Schaberg, Alexandra M. Kosiba, Carl E. Waite, Gary J. Hawley, Deane Wang, Julia N. Perdrial, E. Carol AdairKeywordsSourceGlobal Change BiologyYear2025
- The boreal biome, the largest terrestrial biome on Earth, is increasingly vulnerable to climate change due to warming twice as rapidly as the global average. Climate change has increased the temperature, frequency, severity, and amount of area burned, which is leading to changes in the spatial extent of forest type and species range. These rapid ecological shifts necessitate fine-scale monitoring of forest type to detect potential type conversions and guide management interventions. In this study, we present a framework for forest type classification combining field plots and high-resolutio...AuthorsPratima Khatri-Chhetri, Hans Andersen, Bruce Cook, Sean M. Hendryx, Liz van Wagtendonk, Van R. KaneKeywordsSourceScience of Remote SensingYear2025
- Understanding fire behavior is a crucial step in wildfire risk assessment and management. Accurate and near real-time knowledge of the spatio-temporal characteristics of fuels is critical for analyzing pre-fire risk mitigation and managing active-fire emergency response. Geospatial modeling and land cover mapping using remote sensing combined with artificial intelligence techniques can provide fuel information at regional scales with high accuracy and resolution, as evidenced by the extensive recent work in the literature that appeared with increasing volume in the open literature. This...AuthorsRiyaaz Uddien Shaik, Mohamad Alipour, Kasra Shamsaei, Eric Rowell, Bharathan Balaji, Adam Watts, Branko Kosovic, Hamed Ebrahimian, Ertugrul TacirogluKeywordsSourceEarth-Science ReviewsYear2025
- Prescribed burning is an effective land management tool that provides a range of benefits, including ecosystem restoration and wildfire risk reduction. However, prescribed fires, just like wildfires, introduce smoke that degrades air quality. Furthermore, while prescribed fires help manage wildfire risk, they do not eliminate the possibility of wildfires. It is therefore important to also evaluate fire and smoke impacts from wildfires that may occur after a prescribed burn. In this study, we developed a framework for understanding the air quality and health related trade-offs between...AuthorsZongrun Li, Ambarish Vaidyanathan, Kamal J. Maji, Yongtao Hu, Susan O'Neill, Armistead G. Russell, M. Talat OdmanKeywordsSourceACS ES&T AirYear2025
- A more systematic, multiscale characterization of the mechanical properties of lignocellulosic materials, such as wood and bamboo, is needed so that manufacturers can better tailor their properties for specific end-uses. Nanoindentation was used to assess the mesoscale elastic modulus ( ESN I ) and Meyer’s hardness ( H ) of secondary cell wall layers (SCWL) in Moso bamboo, and S2 SCWL and compound corner middle lamella (CCML) in loblolly pine. The anisotropic SCWL was tested in both longitudinal and transverse directions. The effects of moisture content (MC) were studied by testing...AuthorsJoseph Jakes, Donald S. Stone, Sina Youssefian, Mobin Vandadi, Nima RahbarKeywordsSourceHolzforschungYear2025
- Prescribed fire has emerged as an essential ecosystem management practice for maintaining forest health and mitigating wildfire risks. However, its spatio-temporal patterns and potential impacts on water quantity and quality remain poorly understood compared to those of wildfires. By analyzing the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity database (1984–2022), we characterized distinct regional, seasonal and interannual dynamics of large prescribed fires relative to wildfires across the conterminous United States. We found the Southeast dominated the national prescribed fire regime, accounting...AuthorsYulong Zhang, Wenhong Li, Peter V. Caldwell, Stephen D. Sebestyen, Chunling Tang, Ryan Toot, Christopher Mihiar, Zack Mondry, Yiyun Song, Danika Mosher, Ge SunKeywordsSourceEnvironmental Research LettersYear2025