Treesearch

In the 15 western states there are at least 28 million acres of forest that could benefit from some type of mechanical treatment to reduce hazardous fuel loading. It is estimated that about 60 percent of this area could be operationally accessible for treatment with a total biomass treatment volume of 345 million bone dry tons (bdt). Two-thirds of this forest area is on public lands. Most of the volume is in trees 6 inches diameter and greater that have conventional utilization opportunities. Transportation cost and distance to markets, however, may preclude actual recovery. Treatment...

A terrestrial wood-inhabiting pyrenomycete was collected numerous times in the Neotropics. It possesses superficial, clustered ascomata, large, distinctive ascus rings and strongly guttulate, fusiform ascospores. A second similar pyrenomycete was collected once in Costa Rica. They could not be placed into any known genus, so a new genus, Mirannulata, is described. Mirannulata samuelsii has hyaline, fusiform, three-septate ascospores while M. costaricensis has brown, fusiform, oneseptate ascospores. Mirannulata has a very large, chitinoid, double-layered ascus apical ring similar to that of...

In part I of the article we discussed sample preparation procedure and described various methods used for the measurement of microstickies. Some of the important features of different methods are highlighted in Table 1. Temperatures used in the measurement methods vary from room temperature in some cases, 45 °C to 65 °C in other cases. Sample size ranges from as low as 0.25 g to as high as 50 g. The working definition of microstickies, material passing through 150 μm or 100 μm slotted screen, is used in this study. Of the eight methods listed in Table 1, COD Method, PMV Microstickies...

The objective of this research was to investigate the use of a stress wave technology to evaluate the structural quality of small-diameter timber before harvest. One hundred and ninety-two Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine trees were sampled from four stands in southwestern Oregon and subjected to stress wave tests in the field. Twelve of the trees, six Douglas-fir and six ponderosa pine, were harvested and sawn into logs and lumber. The mechanical properties of wood were then assessed by both stress wave and static bending techniques in the laboratory. Results of this study indicated a...

Treated timber bridges have been widely used for railroad and highway bridges throughout the United States during the 20th century. However, improvements in preservative technology are needed as a result of changing environmental views and public perceptions concerning the use of preservative treated wood in aquatic environments. Within the past 15 years, three national programs have been established to advance technologies related to timber transportation structures. A key design aspect for timber highway bridges is the selection of preservative treatment to improve durability while...

Five new species of Psilocybe from the Caribbean are described: P. caribaea, P. egonii, P. subpsilocybioides, P. zapotecoantillarum and P. zapotecocaribaea. All except P. zapotecocaribaea, which is known only from Martinique, are native to Puerto Rico. Psilocybe guilartensis, previously described from Puerto Rico, is the most commonly collected species of Psilocybe in Puerto Rico. New information on morphology is provided for P. guilartensis, and an emendation of the species circumscription is presented.

The IPCC Guidelines (IPCC 1997) provide an outline of how harvested wood could be treated in national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories. This section shows the relation of that outline to the approaches and estimation methods to be presented in this Appendix. Wood and paper products are referred to as harvested wood products (HWP). It does not include carbon in harvested trees that are left at harvest sites.

Approximately 720 sawmills produce most of the softwood lumber in the U.S. The largest 200 of these, ranked mostly according to 2002 production, are displayed in the table on the ensuing pages. Where the actual production statistic was not released, it was estimated by subtracting from capacity any lost volume due to downtime. In a few instances where neither production nor indications of downtime were available, capacity was used to compile the listing. This year the Hampton mill in Willamina, Ore. came out on top. According to a company source the 385MMBF output would have been even...

Commercial wood flour, the most common wood-derived filler for thermoplastics, is produced in a mixture of particle sizes and generally has a lower aspect ratio than wood and other natural fibers. To understand how wood flour and fiber characteristics influence the mechanical properties of polypropylene composites, we first investigated the effect of different sizes of wood flour particles on the mechanical properties of wood-flour-filled polypropylene composites. We then compared the properties of wood-flour-filled composites to those of composites reinforced with refined wood fiber. We...

Sol-gel surface deposition of a hydrophobic polysiloxane coating on wood was accomplished by using a mixture of a low molecular weight multifunctional alkoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS), and a high molecular weight multifunctional alkoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMOS). Investigation of the surface chemistry and morphology of the wood specimens by means of ATR-FTIR, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SEM, and atomic force microscopy indicated that the sol-gel process results in deposition of polysiloxane networks that are bonded to the...