Treesearch

Population growth is rapid in rural areas in California. This growth into the wildland-urban interface makes fire protection and suppression more difficult. Fire managers have opportunities to reduce fire danger by improving housing development patterns; however, the overall density and placement of houses is usually set by criteria other than fire danger. By identifying and mapping historical and current housing development patterns, managers can begin to examine difficulties of fire protection, such as road access and crew response time, and to identify fire hazard zones. Proposed...

The most important forest resources of the Asia-Pacific region are the highly diverse rain forests. Utilization of the resource is a natural and inevitable consequence of the region's socio-economic development. The sustainable management and development of forest resources in the region can be achieved by implementing conservational forestry, which is based on blending Eastern wisdom and philosophy with Western expertise and technology. The most urgently needed technology in the region are cost-effective, integrated forest inventory and monitoring systems, information management and...

Information on fire management operations in Central America is scant. To evaluate the known level of fire occurrence in seven countries in that area, fire management officers were asked to provide information on their fire control organizations and on any available fire statistics. The seven countries surveyed were Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Information from a survey of the literature was also collected. For each of the seven countries, results of these surveys of fire management and a description of the physical geography are reported.

Two major Indonesian-MAB (Man and the Biosphere) projects were carried out in the province of East Kalimantan, Indonesia, in the 1980s. Investigators found that farmers vary in their reason for practicing shifting cultivation of logging and agriculture, in their intensity of farming, and in the amount of damage they caused forests in their practices. Shifting cultivation includes a variety of practices that under some circumstances, however, can benefit people and protect their environment. In more recent times in East Kalimantan, commercial logging in lowlands has continued at a quicker...

Cuticular hydrocarbons can be used to discriminate species in Coptotermes and Nasutitermes, here discussed for selected species from locations in the Pacific Rim and several Caribbean islands. We recently reexamined the cuticular hydrocarbons of Coptotermes formosanus and identified several dimethylalkanes that may be unique to this species. Cuticular hydrocarbons of C. curvignathus are similar to those of C. formosanus; the primary difference is the absence of 9,13-DimeC27 and 13,15-DimeC29 in C. curvignathus. Hydrocarbons of C. acinaciformis include abundant quantities of C27:1, which...

Soil Taxonomy, the United States system of soil classification, can be used for land evaluation for selected purposes. One use is forest establishment in the tropics, and the soil family category is especially functional for this purpose. The soil family is a bionomial name with descriptions usually of soil texture, mineralogy, and soil temperature classes. If the growth requirements of the tree species are known, they can be matched with the soil and land characteristics that are inherent in the taxonomic name.

Efforts to manage Pacific Island forest resources are more likely to succeed if they are based on an understanding of the cultural framework of land use activities. This paper explores the relationship between agricultural systems, population density, culture, and use of forest resources on the islands of Yap. Agricultural intensification is related to population increases in the past. It appears that resources were, to some extent, managed via a highly organized stratified social system. Today, changes have resulted in a loss of insularity, and controls over resource exploitation are...

Deforestation during the last decade has grown at an alarming rate, giving rise to concern for its potential adverse effects on global climate. The impetus for focusing greater emphasis on tropical forestry management and research was provided by the International Forestry Cooperation Act enacted into law in 1990. The Act enables the Forest Service to intensify its efforts to develop sustainable uses of forest lands, and to provide greater emphasis to managing tropical forests for non-woody, and non-consumptive products. Field centers for this research are the Institute of Pacific Islands...

This paper will establish the need for an integrated management approach that addresses the needs of all customers. The discussion will high-light but not be limited to the needs of persons with disabilities in outdoor recreation activities. Barriers to participation and legal requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act and other laws will be discussed. The need for a range of activities and challenges for both programs and developed facilities will be established. "Universal design" is an ideal that enables all users to participate in recreation activities regardless of their...

These are exciting times. The changes that have occurred and that will occur for people with disabilities are of a magnitude similar to those changes occurring in Eastern Europe. The removal of physical and social barriers for people with disabilities are analogous to the removal of the Berlin Wall. As with the revolutionary changes occurring in Eastern Europe, the changes being wrought in the lives of people with disabilities in the United States are moving at a frantic pace, producing misinformation, misdirected efforts, and fears of what those changes will mean to the economy. The...