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- We evaluated the response of a remnant population of yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) to targeted habitat enhancement in an ecological system that had been degraded during ~100 years of intensive livestock management, including marmot eradication. We used capture-recapture data and a novel use of a multistate framework to evaluate geographic expansion of the marmot population pre- and post-habitat enhancement. We also estimated age-structured survival, reproduction, and sex ratios. The marmot population appeared to respond positively to new habitat opportunities created by...AuthorsMelissa J. Reynolds-Hogland, Alan B. Ramsey, August T. Seward, Kristine L. Pilgrim, Cory L. Engkjer, Philip W. RamseyKeywordsSourceJournal of Mammalogy. 101(3):658-669.Year2020
- Large-scale changes in forest structure and ecological function throughout western North America have led to increased frequency, size, and severity of wildfires. The US Forest Service is implementing state-wide forest restoration initiatives to reduce wildfire hazards and improve forest health. We provide a synthesis of pre- and post-treatment forest vegetation and ecosystem moisture trends between 1990 and 2017 in Arizona, the first US state where the initiative has implemented a variety of thinning and burning methods in over 1,200 polygon areas across 3.5 million ha. Using 4,426...AuthorsTemuulen Sankey, Adam Belmonte, Richard Massey, Jackson M. LeonardKeywordsSourceRemote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation. doi: 10.1002/rse2.186.Year2020
- Contingency firelines can be used to back up primary lines to increase probability of fire containment, decrease fire losses, and improve firefighter safety. In this study, we classify firelines into primary, contingency, and response lines. We design a modeling process to iteratively implement a mixed integer programming model to evaluate contingency strategies under randomly generated fireline breaching scenarios. Our objectives include: (1) gaining conceptual understanding of the effectiveness of using contingency containers in a fireline network, and (2) suggesting future data collectio...AuthorsYu Wei, Matthew P. Thompson, Erin J. Belval, Benjamin Gannon, Dave E. Calkin, Christopher D. O'ConnorKeywordsSourceNatural Resource Modeling. 2020: e12295.Year2020
- Wildfire increases the potential connectivity of runoff and sediment throughout watersheds due to greater bare soil, runoff and erosion as compared to pre-fire conditions. This research examines the connectivity of post-fire runoff and sediment from hillslopes (< 1.5 ha; n = 31) and catchments (< 1000 ha; n = 10) within two watersheds (< 1500 ha) burned by the 2012 High Park Fire in northcentral Colorado, USA. Our objectives were to: (1) identify sources and quantify magnitudes of post-fire runoff and erosion at nested hillslopes and watersheds for two rain storms with varied duration,...AuthorsCodie Wilson, Stephanie K. Kampf, Sandra E. Ryan-Burkett, Tim Covino, Lee H. MacDonald, Hunter GleasonKeywordsSourceHydrological Processes. doi: 10.1002/hyp.13975.Year2020
- Western North American forest ecosystems are experiencing rapid changes in disturbance regimes because of climate change and land use legacies (Littell et al. 2018). In many of these forests, the accumulation of surface and ladder fuels from a century of fire suppression, coupled with a warming and drying climate, has led to increases in the number of large fires (Westerling 2016) and the proportion of areas burning at higher severity (Safford and Stevens 2017, Singleton et al. 2018). While the annual area burned by fire is still below historical levels (Taylor et al. 2016), some forest...AuthorsGavin M. Jones, R. J. Gutierrez, William M. Block, Peter C. Carlson, Emily J. Comfort, Samuel A. Cushman, Raymond J. Davis, Stephanie A. Eyes, Alan B. Franklin, Joseph L. Ganey, Shaula Hedwall, John J. Keane, Rodd Kelsey, Damon B. Lesmeister, Malcolm P. North, Susan L. Roberts, Jeremy T. Rockweit, Jamie S. Sanderlin, Sarah C. Sawyer, Ben Solvesky, Douglas J. Tempel, Ho Yiwan, A. Leroy Westerling, Gary C. White, M. Zachariah PeeryKeywordsSourceEcosphere. 11(12): e03312.Year2020
- Stand-level maps of past forest disturbances (expressed as time since disturbance, TSD) are needed to model forest ecosystem processes, but the conventional approaches based on remotely sensed satellite data can only extend as far back as the first available satellite observations. Stand-level analysis of airborne LiDAR data has been demonstrated to accurately estimate long-term TSD (~100 years), but large-scale coverage of airborne LiDAR remains costly. NASA’s spaceborne LiDAR Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) instrument, launched in December 2018, is providing billions of...AuthorsNuria Sanchez-Lopez, Luigi Boschetti, Andrew T. Hudak, Steven Hancock, Laura I DuncansonKeywordsSourceRemote Sensing. 12: 3506.Year2020
- This Wilderness Character Monitoring Technical Guide provides a national framework and detailed protocols to monitor trends in wilderness character within the Forest Service. This document updates and completely replaces the former technical guide that was published in 2009. The approach described in this document is consistent with the interagency wilderness character monitoring strategy used by the other wilderness managing agencies and was endorsed in 2015 by the Federal Interagency Wilderness Policy Council. This technical guide incorporates a wide variety of the best available...AuthorsPeter B. Landres, Steve Boutcher, Elizabeth MejicanoKeywordsSourceGen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-406. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 364 p.Year2020
- The GFOI MGD provides practical advice related to the development of a National Forest Monitoring System to help meet national and international reporting requirements by: providing user-friendly guidance for linking UNFCCC decisions with IPCC guidance; focusing on how remotely sensed and ground-based data can be effectively combined to improve estimation of predominately forest related GHG emissions and removals, including those related to GHG inventories, REDD+ activities, and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs); addressing a gap that would otherwise exist in practical guidance on...AuthorsAndres Espejo, Sandro Federici, Carly Green, Naikoa Amuchastegui, Remi d'Annunzio, Heiko Balzter, Pradeepa Bholanath, Cris Brack, Charles Brewer, Luca Birigazzi, Edersson Cabrera, Sarah Carter, Narendra Chand, Danny Donoghue, Simon Eggleston, Nikki Fitzgerald, Giles Foody, Gustavo Galindo, Sara A. Goeking, Giacomo Grassi, Alex Held, Martin Herold, Christoph Kleinn, Werner Kurz, Erik Lindquist, Ronald McRoberts, Anthea Mitchell, Erik Næsset, Evan Notman, Shaun Quegan, Ake Rosenqvist, Stephen Roxburgh, Christophe Sannier, Charles Scott, Goran Stahl, Stephen Stehman, Viliame Tupua, Pete Watt, Sylvia Wilson, Curtis Woodcock, Mike WulderSourceRome, Italy: U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization. 300 p.Year2020
- Forest vulnerability to drought is expected to increase under anthropogenic climate change, and drought-induced mortality and community dynamics following drought have major ecological and societal impacts. Here, we show that tree mortality concomitant with drought has led to short-term (mean 5 y, range 1 to 23 y after mortality) vegetation-type conversion in multiple biomes across the world (131 sites). Self-replacement of the dominant tree species was only prevalent in 21% of the examined cases and forests and woodlands shifted to nonwoody vegetation in 10% of them. The ultimate temporal...AuthorsEnric Batllori, Francisco Lloret, Tuomas Aakala, William R. L. Anderegg, Ermias Aynekulu, Devin P. Bendixsen, Abdallah Bentouati, Christof Bigler, C. John Burk, J. Julio Camarero, Michele Colangelo, Jonathan D. Coop, Roderick Fensham, M. Lisa Floyd, Lucia Galiano, Joseph L. Ganey, Patrick Gonzalez, Anna L. Jacobsen, Jeffrey Michael Kane, Thomas Kitzberger, Juan C. Linares, Suzanne B. Marchetti, George Matusick, Michael Michaelian, Rafael M. Navarro-Cerrillo, Robert Brandon Pratt, Miranda D. Redmond, Andreas Rigling, Francesco Ripullone, Gabriel Sanguesa-Barreda, Yamila Sasal, Sandra Saura-Mas, Maria Laura Suarez, Thomas T. Veblen, Albert Vila-Cabrera, Caroline Vincke, Ben ZeemanKeywordsSourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117(47): 29720-29729.Year2020
- Global climate change represents a growing conservation threat, but our understanding of the effects of climate change remains limited for most species. Understanding these effects may be particularly important for species that are already threatened by other factors, because climate change may interact synergistically with those factors. One such species is the threatened Mexican Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis lucida). These owls frequently nest and roost in late seral forests featuring high canopy cover, and these forests are threatened by increases in the extent and severity of fires...AuthorsJoseph L. GaneySourceAssociation of Field Ornithologists. Online: http://afonet.org/in-the-hot-seat-mexican-spotted-owl-habitat-could-dry-up-in-the-face-of-climate-change/.Year2020