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- Streams and their accompanying riparian environments are intrinsic components of terrestrial carbon cycling. However, they have been understudied in terms of the magnitude of their storage components and the role of disturbance in determining carbon storage capacity. This study presents partial carbon budgets for stream-riparian corridors along six study reaches in mountain headwater streams of southeast Wyoming to evaluate the impact of tie-driving, a historic disturbance legacy, on contemporary carbon storage. Detailed measurements of biomass were collected for in-stream components of...AuthorsClaire M. Ruffing, Kathleen A. Dwire, Melinda D. DanielsKeywordsSourceEarth Surface Processes and Landforms. 41: 208-223.Year2016
- Rivers are dynamic components of the terrestrial carbon cycle and provide important functions in ecosystem processes. Although rivers act as conveyers of carbon to the oceans, rivers also retain carbon within riparian ecosystems along floodplains, with potential for long-term (> 102 years) storage. Research in ecosystem processing emphasizes the importance of organic carbon (OC) in river systems, and estimates of OC fluxes in terrestrial freshwater systems indicate that a significant portion of terrestrial carbon is stored within river networks. Studies have examined soil OC on floodplains,...AuthorsNicholas A. Sutfin, Ellen E. Wohl, Kathleen A. DwireKeywordsSourceEarth Surface Processes and Landforms. 41: 38-60.Year2016
- Increasing costs of wildfire management have highlighted the need to better understand suppression expenditures and potential tradeoffs of land management activities that may affect fire risks. Spatially and temporally descriptive data is used to develop a model of wildfire suppression expenditures, providing new insights into the role of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in determining expenditures. Incorporating heterogeneity improves model fit and predictive ability over a model with data based on the point and time of fire ignition. The model is potentially useful for providing...AuthorsMichael Hand, Matthew P. Thompson, Dave E. CalkinKeywordsSourceJournal of Forest Economics. 22: 80-102.Year2016
- Current projections of future climate change foretell potentially transformative ecological changes that threaten communities globally. Using two case studies from the United States Intermountain West, this article highlights the ways in which a better articulation between theory and methods in research design can generate proactive applied tools that enable locally grounded dialogue about the future, including key vulnerabilities and potential adaptive pathways. Moreover, anthropological knowledge and methods, we find, are well-suited to the complexities and uncertainties that surround...AuthorsDaniel Murphy, Carina Wyborn, Laurie Yung, Daniel R. Williams, Cory Cleveland, Lisa Eby, Solomon Dobrowski, Erin TowlerKeywordsSourceHuman Organization. 75(1): Spring.Year2016
- Future forests are being shaped by changing climate and disturbances. Climate change is causing large-scale forest declines globally, in addition to distributional shifts of many tree species. Because environmental cues dictate insect seasonality and population success, climate change is also influencing tree-killing bark beetles. The mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae, is a major disturbance in Pinus forests of the western US. Using a mechanistic, phenology-based demographic model driven by downscaled daily temperature data, we describe recent and future spatial and temporal...AuthorsBarbara J. Bentz, Jacob P. Duncan, James A. PowellKeywordsSourceForestry. 89: 271-283.Year2016
- Sagebrush ecosystems are among the largest and most threatened ecosystems in North America. Greater sage-grouse has served as the bellwether for species conservation in these ecosystems and has been considered for listing under the Endangered Species Act eight times. In September 2015, the decision was made not to list greater sage-grouse, but to reevaluate its status in 5 years. Concerns over sage-grouse and associated habitats have set in motion sweeping Federal and State land management plan changes and proactive science-based conservation actions to address threats within the realm of...AuthorsDeborah M. Finch, D. A. Boyce, Jeanne C. Chambers, C. J. Colt, Kas Dumroese, Stanley G. Kitchen, C. McCarthy, Susan E. Meyer, Bryce A. Richardson, Mary M. Rowland, Mark A. Rumble, Michael K. Schwartz, Monica Tomosy, Michael WisdomKeywordsSourceGen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-348. Fort Collins, CO; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 54 p.Year2016
- Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions. Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC. We asked whether NSC estimates in the recent literature could be quantitatively compared among studies. We also asked whether any differences among laboratories were related to the extraction and quantification methods used to determine starch and sugar concentrations. These questions were addressed by sending sub-samples collected from five...AuthorsMarc Bonhomme, Audrey G. Quentin, Elizabeth A. Pinkard, Michael G. Ryan, David T. Tissue, L. Scott Baggett, Henry D. Adams, Pascale Maillard, Jacqueline Marchand, Simon M. Landhausser, Andre Lacointe, Yves Gibon, William R. L. Anderegg, Shinichi Asao, Owen K. Atkin, Renee A. Smith, Frank Sterck, Joseph R. Stinziano, Caroline Claye, Pak S. Chow, Anne Clement-Vidal, Noel W. Davies, L. Turin Dickman, Rita Dumbur, David S. Ellsworth, Kristen Falk, Lucía Galiano, Jose M. Grunzweig, Henrik Hartmann, Gunter Hoch, Sharon M. Hood, Joanna E. Jones, Takayoshi Koike, Iris Kuhlmann, Francisco Lloret, Melchor Maestro, Shawn D. Mansfield, Jordi Martinez-Vilalta, Mickael Maucourt, Nathan G. McDowell, Annick Moing, Bertrand Muller, Sergio G. Nebauer, Ulo Niinemets, Sara Palacio, Frida Piper, Eran Raveh, Andreas Richter, Gaelle Rolland, Teresa Rosas, Brigitte Saint Joanis, Anna Sala, Faride Unda, Makoto Watanabe, Danielle A. Way, Lasantha K. Weerasinghe, Birgit Wild, Erin Wiley, David R. Woodruff, Mari TobiasKeywordsSourceTree Physiology. 35: 1146-1165.Year2016
- Occupancy models are widely used to analyze presence-absence data for a variety of taxa while accounting for observation error (MacKenzie et al. 2002, 2006; Tyre et al. 2003; Royle and Dorazio 2008). Hayes and Monfils (2015) question their use for analyzing avian point count data based on purported violations of model assumptions incurred by avian mobility. Animal mobility is an important consideration, not just for occupancy models, but for a variety of population and habitat models (Boyce 2006, Royle et al. 2009, Manning and Goldberg 2010, Dormann et al. 2013, Renner et al. 2015)....AuthorsQuresh Latif, Martha Ellis, Courtney L. AmundsonKeywordsSourceJournal of Wildlife Management. 80(2): 192-194.Year2016
- Drought can have severe impacts on rangeland ecosystems in North America. For the purposes of this chapter, rangelands include natural grasslands, savannas, shrublands, many deserts, tundras, alpine communities, marshes, meadows, and woodlands. Drought impacts vary depending on the severity, frequency, duration, and aerial extent of the drought(s); how the land is managed; and whether plans are in place and implemented to respond to drought. Drought can be simply defined as "a lack of water" characteristic of time, not of place; or it can be defined in a climatic context, as "precipitation...AuthorsDeborah M. Finch, Rosemary L. Pendleton, Matt C. Reeves, Jeffrey E. Ott, Francis F. Kilkenny, Jack L. Butler, Jacqueline P. Ott, Jeremy R. Pinto, Paulette L. Ford, Justin B. Runyon, Mark A. Rumble, Stanley G. KitchenSourceIn: Vose, James M.; Clark, James S.; Luce, Charles H.; Patel-Weynard, Toral, eds. Effects of drought on forests and rangelands in the United States: A comprehensive science synthesis. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-93b. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington Office. p. 155-194.Year2016
- Snags provide habitat for numerous species of wildlife. Several authors have provided recommendations for snag retention in southwestern mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests. Most recommendations were presented in terms of minimum snag density and/or size. I summarized the history of recommendations for snag retention in these forest types, and used data from a current study of snag populations (conducted within Coconino and Kaibab National Forests, north-central AZ, USA, 1997 through 2012) to assess congruence between existing snag populations and various recommendati...AuthorsJoseph L. GaneyKeywordsSourceWildlife Society Bulletin. doi: 10.1002/wsb.609.Year2016