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Displaying 20,151 - 20,160 of 65,202 Publications- Bordered pit pairs of Ephedra species were characterized using different types of microscopy. Pit membranes contained tori that did not stain for lignin. SEM and AFM views of the torus surface showed no plasmodesmatal openings, but branched, secondary plasmodesmata were occasionally noted using TEM in conjunction with ultrathin sections. The margo consisted of radial microfibrils as well as finer diameter tangential fibrils. The former formed fascicles of fibrils that merged into even thicker buttresses during the act of pit membrane aspiration. AFM showed a discontinuous layer of non-micro...AuthorsRoland Dute, Lauren Bowen, Sarah Schier, Alexa Vevon, Troy Best, Maria Auad, Thomas Elder, Pauline Bouche, Steven JansenKeywordsSourceInternational Association of Wood Anatomists 35(3), 217-235Year2014
- The white-rot basidiomycetes efficiently degrade all wood cell wall polymers. Generally, these fungi simultaneously degrade cellulose and lignin, but certain organisms, such as Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, selectively remove lignin in advance of cellulose degradation. However, relatively little is known about themechanismof selective ligninolysis. To address this issue, C. subvermispora was grown in liquidmediumcontaining ball-milled aspen, and nano-liquid chromatography-tandemmass spectrometry was used to identify and estimate extracellular protein abundance over time. Several manganese...AuthorsChiaki Hori, Jill Gaskell, Kiyohiko Igarashi, Philip J. Kersten, Michael Mozuch, Masahiro Samejima, Daniel CullenKeywordsSourceAppl. Environ. Microbiol. 2014, Volume 80, Number 7, pp. 2062-2070.Year2014
- Fire scars have been widely used as proxies for the reconstruction of fire history; however, little is known about the impact of fire injury on wood anatomy. This study investigates changes in tracheid and ray traits in fire scars of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), western larch (Larix occidentalis) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), and discusses their ecophysiological implications for tree recovery from fire. Transverse and tangential microsections were prepared for light microscopy and image analysis. Measurements of tracheids and rays were made in the three spatial dimensions:...AuthorsEstelle Arbellay, Markus Stoffel, Elaine K. Sutherland, Kevin T. Smith, Donald A. FalkKeywordsSourceAnnals of Botany. 114: 223-232.Year2014
- We examined gene expression patterns in the lignin-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium when it colonizes hybrid poplar (Populus alba �� tremula) and syringyl (S)-rich transgenic derivatives. Acombination ofmicroarrays and liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) allowed detection of a total of 9,959 transcripts and 793 proteins. Comparisons of P. chrysosporium transcript abundance in medium containing poplar or glucose as a sole carbon source showed 113 regulated genes, 11 of which were significantly higher (> 2-fold, P < 0.05) in transgenic line 64...AuthorsJill Gaskell, Amber Marty, Michael Mozuch, Philip J. Kersten, Sandra Splinter Bondurant, Grzegorz Sabat, Ali Azarpira, John Ralph, Oleksandr Skyba, Shawn D. Mansfield, Robert A. Blanchette, Daniel CullenKeywordsSourceAppl. Environ. Microbiol. 2014, Volume 80, Number 18, 2014; pp. 5828-5835.Year2014
- AuthorsDallan R. Prince, Marianne E. Fletcher, Chen Shen, Thomas H. FletcherKeywordsSourceEcological Modelling. 273: 86-95Year2014
- Use of proteins to bond wood dominated industrial production until the middle of the 20th century (1). The ensuing creation of the plywood and glulam beam industries allowed for more efficient use of wood resources than is possible with solid wood products. Many protein sources have been used as adhesives, including plant (soybean) and animal (blood, fish scales, collagen, casein from milk). Development of the petroleum industry led to replacement of these biobased materials by synthetic adhesives providing better water resistance, ease of use, and lower cost.AuthorsCharles R. Frihart, Holly Satori, Zhu Rongxian, Michael J. BirkelandKeywordsSourceIn: The Adhesion Society's 37th Annual Meeting February, 23-26, 2014, Bahia Resort Hotel, San Diego, CA. from CD TEH801043052B03. 2014; 3 p.Year2014
- Although wood bonding is one of the oldest applications of adhesives, going back to early recorded history (1), some aspects of wood bonds are still not fully understood. Most books in the general area of adhesives and adhesion do not cover wood bonding. However, a clearer understanding of wood bonding and wood adhesives can lead to improved products. This is important because wood bonding is one of the largest applications of adhesives and is important for efficient use of our forest resource and increasing the use of these green products.AuthorsCharles R. FrihartSourceIn: The Adhesion society's 37th Annual Meeting, February 23-26, 2014, Bahia Resort Hotel, San Diego, CA, from CD TEH801043052B03; 2014; 4 p.Year2014
- The synthesis of the contributions in this special issue about the tropical city of San Juan has resulted in five themes. First, the city is subject to multiple vulnerabilities, but socioeconomic factors and education level affect the perception of citizens to those vulnerabilities, even in the face of imminent threat. Second, in light of the social-ecological conditions of the city, how its citizens and institutions deal with knowledge to respond to vulnerabilities becomes critical to the adaptive capacity of the city. Third, the relationship between socioeconomic factors and green cover,...AuthorsTischa A. A. Munoz, Ariel Lugo, B. QuinteroKeywordsSourceEcology and Society. 19(3): Article 23Year2014
- AuthorsAriel LugoKeywordsSourceEcology and Society. 19(3): Article 24.Year2014
- DNA phylogenetic comparisons have shown that morphology-based species recognition often underestimates fungal diversity. Therefore, the need for accurate DNA sequence data, tied to both correct taxonomic names and clearly annotated specimen data, has never been greater. Furthermore, the growing number of molecular ecology and microbiome projects using high-throughput sequencing require fast and effective methods for en masse species assignments. In this article, we focus on selecting and re-annotating a set of marker reference sequences that represent each currently accepted order of...AuthorsC.L. Schoch, B. Robbertse, V. Robert, R.G. Haight, K. Kovacs, B. Leung, W. Meyer, R.H. Nilsson, K. Hughes, A.N. Miller, P.M. Kirk, K. Abarenkov, M.C. Aime, H.A. Ariyawansa, M. Bidartondo, T. Boekhout, B. Buyck, Q. Cai, J. Chen, A. Crespo, P.W. Crous, U. Damm, Z.W. De Beer, B.T.M. Dentinger, P.K. Divakar, M. Duenas, N. Feau, K. Fliegerova, M.A. Garcia, Z.-W. Ge, G.W. Griffith, J.Z. Groenewald, M. Groenewald, M. Grube, M. Gryzenhout, C. Gueidan, L. Guo, S. Hambleton, R. Hamelin, K. Hansen, V. Hofstetter, S.-B. Hong, J. Houbraken, K.D. Hyde, P. Inderbitzin, P.R. Johnston, S.C. Karunarathna, U. Koljalg, G.M. Kovacs, E. Kraichak, K. Krizsan, C.P. Kurtzman, K.-H. Larsson, S. Leavitt, P.M. Letcher, K. Liimatainen, J.-K. Liu, D.J. Lodge, J. Jennifer Luangsa-ard, H.T. Lumbsch, S.S.N. Maharachchikumbura, D. Manamgoda, M.P. Martin, A.M. Minnis, J.-M. Moncalvo, G. Mule, K.K. Nakasone, T. Niskanen, I. Olariaga, T. Papp, T. Petkovits, R. Pino-Bodas, M.J. Powell, H.A. Raja, D. Redecker, J.M. Sarmiento-Ramirez, K.A. Seifert, B. Shrestha, S. Stenroos, B. Stielow, S.-O. Suh, K. Tanaka, L. Tedersoo, M.T. Telleria, D. Udayanga, W.A. Untereiner, J. Dieguez Uribeondo, K.V. Subbarao, C. Vagvolgyi, C. Visagie, K. Voigt, D.M. Walker, B.S. Weir, M. Weiss, N.N. Wijayawardene, M.J. Wingfield, J.P. Xu, Z.L. Yang, N. Zhang, W.-Y. Zhuang, S. FederhenSourceDatabase. 2014: bau061. 21 p.Year2014