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Displaying 3,781 - 3,790 of 64,753 Publications- Beargrass (Xerophyllum tenax), an evergreen perennial herb of the northern Rocky Mountains, Pacific Northwest, and northern California, is used in Native American basketry and commercial floral greens. We studied beargrass size and biomass responses to crown removal by clipping or burning over three years in a coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) woodland with variable shrub cover in the southeastern Olympic Peninsula of Washington State. Clipping forested plants resulted in 28% mortality, mostly from smaller plants growing under 26% more total cover than the surviving...AuthorsDavid H. Peter, Timothy B. HarringtonKeywordsSourceNorthwest Science. 96(1-2):38-54.Year2023
- Accurate estimation of fuels is essential for wildland fire simulations as well as decisionmaking related to land management. Numerous research efforts have leveraged remote sensing and machine learning for classifying land cover and mapping forest vegetation species. In most cases that focused on surface fuel mapping, the spatial scale of interest was smaller than a few hundred square kilometers; thus, many small-scale site-specific models had to be created to cover the landscape at the national scale. The present work aims to develop a large-scale surface fuel identification model using...AuthorsMohamad Alipour, Inga La Puma, Joshua Picotte, Kasra Shamsaei, Eric Rowell, Adam Watts, Branko Kosovic, Hamed Ebrahimian, Ertugrul TacirogluKeywordsSourceFire. 6(2): 36.Year2023
- High-severity wildfires create pulses of snags that serve a variety of functions as they decompose over time. Snag-related benefits (and hazards) are often linked to specific decomposition stages, but snag decomposition rates and pathways are not well understood in many forest types. We examined temporal patterns of snag decomposition, wildlife cavity creation, and surface woody fuel dynamics in dry coniferous forests of the interior Pacific Northwest region of North America by sampling 159 forest stands within a 39-year chronosequence of stand-replacing wildfires in dry coniferous forests...AuthorsDavid W. Peterson, Erich Dodson, Richy J. HarrodKeywordsSourceEcosphere, 14(8): e4635.Year2023
- Background. Previous work by the author and others has examined weather associated with growth of exceptionally large fires (‘Fires of Unusual Size’, or FOUS), looking at three of four factors associated with critical fire weather patterns: antecedent drying, high wind and low humidity. However, the authors did not examine atmospheric stability, the fourth factor. Aims. This study examined the relationships of mid-tropospheric stability and dryness used in the Haines Index, and changes in surface wind speed or direction, to growth of FOUS. Methods. Weather measures were paired with daily...AuthorsBrian PotterSourceInternational Journal of Wildland Fire. 32(5): 777-795.Year2023
- Urgency of Precipitation Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) estimation using the most recent data has grown significantly due to recent intense precipitation and cloud burst circumstances impacting infrastructure caused by climate change. Given the continually available digitized up-to-date, long-term, and fine resolution precipitation dataset from the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service’s (USDAFS) Experimental Forests and Ranges (EF) rain gauge stations, it is both important and relevant to develop precipitation IDF from onsite dataset (Onsite-IDF) that incorporates the...AuthorsSourav Mukherjee, Devendra M. Amatya, Anna M. Jalowska, John Campbell, Sherri Johnson, Kelly J. Elder, Sudhanshu Panda, Johnny M. Grace, Duncan KikoyoKeywordsSourceStochastic Environmental Research and Risk AssessmentYear2023
- Empirical assessment of how forest disturbance affects streamflow has been traditionally limited to small, experimental catchments. However, larger catchments where landscape management occurs have emergent drivers of streamflow at scale, and thus may exhibit novel responses to land cover disturbance. We used statistical models of water yield and annual maximum peak streamflow for multiple large (> 50 km2) forested catchments in the low-relief glaciated region of central North America to investigate how forest disturbance and climatic variability affect water yield and peak flows in...AuthorsDiana L. Karwan, Robert A. Slesak, Jody Vogeler, Zachary P. McEachran, Gordon ReeseSourceHydrological ProcessesYear2023
- The problem of global amphibian declines has prompted extensive research over the last three decades. Initially, the focus was on identifying and characterizingthe extent of the problem, but more recently efforts have shifted to evidence-based research designed to identify best solutions and to improve conservation outcomes. Despite extensive accumulation of knowledge on amphibian declines, there remain knowledge gaps and disconnects between science and action that hamper our ability to advance conservation efforts. Using input from participants at the ninth World Congress of Herpetology,...AuthorsEvan H. Campbell Grant, Staci M. Amburgey, Brian Gratwicke, Victor Acosta Chaves, Anat M. Belasen, David Bickford, Carsten A. Brühl, Natalie E. Calatayud, Nick Clemann, Simon Clulow, Jelka Crnobrnja‐Isailovic, Jeff Dawson, David A. De Angelis, C. Kenneth Dodd, Annette Evans, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Mattia Falaschi, Sergio González‐Mollinedo, David M. Green, Roseanna Gamlen‐Greene, Richard A. Griffiths, Brian J. Halstead, Craig Hassapakis, Geoffrey Heard, Catharina Karlsson, Tom Kirschey, Blake Klocke, Tiffany A. Kosch, Sophia Kusterko Novaes, Luke Linhoff, John C. Maerz, Brittany A. Mosher, Katherine O'Donnell, Leticia M. Ochoa‐Ochoa, Deanna H. Olson, Kristiina Ovaska, J. Dale Roberts, Aimee J. Silla, Tariq Stark, Jeanne Tarrant, R. Upton, Judit Vörös, Erin MuthsSourceConservation Science and Practice. 5(9): e12988.Year2023
- Fusarium circinatum causes pine pitch canker (PPC) disease and associated symptoms such as resinous lesions, mechanical weakness, and crown dieback that may lead to mortality in Pinus and Pseudotsuga spp. There are no ameliorative techniques available for the disease, and the genetic resistance among populations to support commercial plantation deployment has not been well characterized. In this study, we characterize the genetic control of PPC disease tolerance (and/or resistance) and predict the tolerance of families in existing breeding populations: open-pollinated (OP) half-sib and...AuthorsAndrew Sims, Gary Peter, Katherine Smith, W. Patrick Cumbie, Dominic Kain, Jeremy BrawnerSourceForestsYear2023
- Drought is a major stressor of tree seedlings regarding both natural and artificial regeneration, especially in excessively drained, sandy outwash soils. While climate change is expected to cause an increase in the total annual precipitation in the Upper Midwest, USA, the timing of the precipitation is predicted to result in longer periods of drought during the growing season. Biochar, a material created through the pyrolysis of organic matter, such as wood waste, has been proposed as a soil amendment that may increase the water holding capacity of a soil. Biochar has mostly been studied...AuthorsLaura F. Reuling, Alan J. Z. Toczydlowski, Robert A. Slesak, Marcella A. Windmuller-CampioneSourceInternational Journal of Plant Biology. 14(3): 811-824.Year2023
- The combination of alkaline delignification and densification was applied to improve wood mechanical strength. Poplar wood samples were subjected to alkali delignification with varying degrees of lignin and hemicellulose removal followed by hot pressing. Dynamic mechanical performances and dynamic sorption behavior of the untreated and densified wood were then evaluated. Results showed that appropriate removal of lignin can improve the stiffness of densified wood and reduce moisture sorption and the numbers of sorption sites. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy along with X-ray...AuthorsJiajun Wang, Yubo Chai, Junliang Liu, Junyong ZhuSourceForestsYear2023