Treesearch

This manuscript introduces the current special journal issue International Practices for Regenerating and Restoring Forest Trees by Seeding, for which the concept and effort to undertake were motivated within the IUFRO Task Force on Transforming Forest Landscapes for Future Climates and Human Well-Being. The journal issue, comprised of contributions from North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania, represents a significant range of seeding activities inclusive of scores of species, forests, forestation sites, and climates. Approached as an information guide and source of...

Seeding is gaining popularity in global forestation for its scalability and cost-effectiveness, especially where nursery stock is limited. It enables rapid, large-scale forest establishment, even on remote or degraded sites, and allows control over species and genetic diversity. Seeding is cost-effective for inaccessible or low-productivity areas and is used in ecological restoration to boost biodiversity. Success depends on species, seed quality, timing, soil, and site management. It is best suited for areas where natural regeneration is infeasible, low-cost forestation is needed, sites...

Temperate broadleaf forests occupying river floodplains of the southern United States are rich in tree species diversity, with various species of bottomland oaks (Quercus spp. L.) often comprising a primary overstory component in these forests across the region. Comprehensive research to support development of seeding as a method for artificially regenerating bottomland oaks began in the early 1980s and quickly advanced to produce reliable practices for establishing oak-dominated stands. Large-scale forest restoration was initiated across the region during the late 1980s at which time...

The genus Armillaria is a broad group of basidiomycete (Agaricales, Physalacriaceae) plant pathogens that can have detrimental effects on woody hosts in forested, urban, and horticultural landscapes. Several species are known as aggressive root pathogens on both conifers and deciduous woody plants. Armillaria species are considered white rot fungi due to their capacity to degrade both lignin and cellulose in woody tissues. Armillaria mexicana was recently described as a new species found in peach (Prunus persica) orchards of Coatepec Harinas, State of Mexico. However, a subsequent study...

Although Armillaria solidipes was described in 1900, confusion has surrounded the appropriate use of this taxonomic epithet, largely because DNA sequence–based characterization and an associated culture were unavailable for the original holotype. An epitype for A. solidipes (previously known as North American Biological Species I) is established herein, along with morphological descriptions and genetic characterization that clearly distinguish A. solidipes, which is found in North America, from A. ostoyae (previously known as European Biological Species C), which is found in Eurasia. Of...

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program provides this resource update yearly as an overview of forest resources in Alabama. These estimates are derived from field data collected across a systematic network of fixed-radius forest monitoring plots located on both public and private land. New updates are provided annually as a subset of plots within the State are remeasured. Each year, field crews visit and measure a subset of all FIA plots across the entire State (the size of the subset varies by State and year). Combining all...

The world-wide diversity of ash trees includes genetic information encoding resistance to the ash dieback fungus and the emerald ash borer beetle, which are currently devastating ash populations in Europe and North America. In order to mobilise this genetic diversity in conventional breeding programmes, we need to be able to accurately identify ash species from around the world and cross them with one another. Here, we present a preliminary genetic barcoding system for ash, and a series of hybridisation experiments between European ash and other species. Two of the hybrids show early...

Several hypotheses attempt to explain why bats collide with wind turbines. One recent hypothesis is that collisions result from bats scent marking turbines and that scent-marked turbines produce odor plumes that attract bats. This olfaction hypothesis is intriguing, but currently lacks the ecological context required to assess its plausibility. To provide context, we review when we expect Northern Hoary Bats and Mexican Free-tailed Bats to scent mark under natural conditions, and determine if our findings align with observations of bats interacting with wind turbines. We then consider the...

Technology for the acoustic detection of animals has advanced rapidly over the past few decades. Due to ease of use, consistency, and safety, acoustic methods are particularly useful for science applications that engage the public. In this study, we evaluated the technological and educational trade-offs between 2 acoustic bat detectors in a participatory science application along the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon, Arizona. Both devices were deployed simultaneously by commercial river guides in parallel with sampling insect prey for 1 h at dusk on 48 dates between April and October...

The use of downed timber from felled pine trees presents an opportunity to reduce economic losses and enhance sustainability in the forestry and construction industries. This study investigates the mechanical properties of lumber and cross-laminated timber panels from pine trees that were felled and then remained on the ground for up to 1 year. Time intervals included 0, 6, 9, and 12 months. Acoustic velocity (AV) and dynamic modulus of elasticity ( D MOE ) were used for nondestructive evaluation. Additional properties of interest included moisture content and density. After equilibration,...