Treesearch

In the 1930's the Federal Home Loan Bank Board established a program to appraise real estate risk levels in several cities. Four classes indicating level of security for real estate investments were developed: A (green) – best, B (blue) – still desirable, C (yellow) – declining, and D (red) – hazardous. Recent studies have shown that heat island effects are greater, imperviousness is higher, and tree cover lower in areas that were formerly redlined (class D). This paper analyzed all redlined areas in U.S. cities and confirms that redlined areas (class D) have lower tree cover, greater...

When sawing a log into lumber or other products, the saw blade removes material to separate the wood fibers between the resulting two parts, a loss of material that is commonly referred to as saw kerf. Thicker kerfs result in greater waste and less material available to produce lumber. Over the past decades, with the advancement of materials and technology, saw blade thickness has decreased. However, the reduction in material loss owing to a reduction in saw kerf may not always translate into a statistically significant increase in lumber product recovery. In this study, we explored the...

Emerging sustainability research has called for scaling up coproductionbecausesustainability challengesspanadministrative, institutional, cultural, and physical boundaries and often occur at different scales than co-production tends to happen. To scale up co-production equitably, any such efforts must center the power dynamics intrinsic to rescaling. We highlight how scale itself is constructed by different actors and that the reconfiguration of scale has implications for power asymmetries among different stakeholders and communities. We call for new knowledge infrastructures to support...

Industry 4.0, a term referring to the digitization of manufacturing, enhanced automation, and data-driven production systems, promises to bring rapid change to the secondary woodworking industry. Manufacturers in this sector, many being small in size and scale, may be challenged to remain competitive without understanding how Industry 4.0 principles might affect their operations. A study conducted with subscribers to a major secondary wood industry trade journal found that few North American woodworking companies were familiar with the term "Industry 4.0." However, that did not mean they...

Mercury and sulfur in Upper Great Lakes watersheds of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan are persistent pollutants that threaten ecosystem services and human health. In 2021, the U.S. Congress directed the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service’s Northern Research Station to study mercury and sulfur pollution in the Great Lakes region over a 5-year period. Specifically, the Northern Research Station was directed to generate science to inform policy regarding mercury and sulfur pollution and to implement demonstration sites for proposed remediation technologies. This report describes...

In 2012, we tested the relative efficacy of four commercial types of insect traps (panel; standard multiple-funnel; modified multiple-funnel; and sea, land, and air Malaise [SLAM]) for capturing bark and woodboring beetles (Coleoptera) in a pine stand in northcentral Georgia. All traps were baited with ethanol, α-pinene, ipsenol, and ipsdienol lures. The SLAM trap outperformed the panel trap for diversity and abundance of Cerambycidae. Mean catches of Asemum striatum (L.) in SLAM traps were greater than those in all other traps. SLAM traps caught more Acanthocinus obsoletus (LeConte) and...

This document presents a review that covers the United States potential biomass resource for exports compared to the current levels the European Union and United Kingdom receive, and addresses current and potential risks, opportunities and challenges to increasing the volume of imports regarding sustainability of forest ecosystems before climate change, current forest management, and other factors such as social, economic, conservation, and sustainability of natural resources in the United States, when producing forest biomass for wood pellet production in Southern United States. From this...

Analysis of a 10 year reciprocal transplant study was performed to determine the influence of seed-source and local planting site climates on the bole taper of 8995 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) trees. Trees were planted at 9 sites across Oregon and Washington, with 120 known families taken from 12 seed-source regions across California, Oregon, and Washington. Diameter at breast height (DBH) ranged from 0.1 to 22.9 cm, with tree ages ranging from 2 year-old seedlings to 12 year-old trees. Changes in Gini coefficients (ΔG) of diameters along tree boles, as a surrogate...

Diospyros L. (Ebenaceae) is an important source of ebony, a precious wood used for several economically importanttimber products. Species are overexploited in many regions, including Madagascar, for both the national and international trade,but little is known about their wood anatomy, despite its importance for forensic identification. Wood anatomy has a majorrole to play in ensuring the sustainable and equitable utilization of Diospyros species that are not threatened by extinction,and in law enforcement to protect threatened species from illegal logging. This study aims to identify,...