Treesearch

River temperatures are expected to increase this century harming species requiring cold-water habitat unless restoration activities protect or improve habitat availability. Local shading by riparian vegetation can cool water temperatures, but uncertainty exists over the scaling of this local effect to larger spatial extents. We evaluate this issue using a regional spatial stream network temperature model with covariates representing shade effects to predict mean August stream temperatures across 78,195 km of tributaries flowing into the Columbia River in the northwestern United States. We...

Spatio-temporal models are widely used in many research areas including ecology. The recent proliferation of the use of in-situ sensors in streams and rivers supports space-time water quality modelling and monitoring in near real-time. A new family of spatio-temporal models is introduced. These models incorporate spatial dependence using stream distance while temporal autocorrelation is captured using vector autoregression approaches. Several variations of these novel models are proposed using a Bayesian framework. The results show that our proposed models perform well using spatio-temporal...

Wildfire activity in recent years is notable not only for an expansion of total area burned but also for large, single-day fire spread events that pose challenges to ecological systems and human communities. Our objectives were to gain new insight into the relationships between extreme single-day fire spread events, annual area burned, and fire season climate and to predict changes under future warming.

Land use/land cover change is a key component in terrestrial carbon cycle, yet there are still large uncertainties in the terrestrial carbon budget. To reduce such uncertainties and refine the spatial distribution of carbon flux, a 30-m Grid-based Carbon Accounting (GCA) model was proposed. We adapted a well-established bookkeeping model into a spatial-explicit model to utilize Landsat time series stacks and to calculate the carbon fluxes resulting from three types of forest disturbances including forest harvesting, forest-to-urban conversion, and fire. Our model results provide spatial...

Lignin contents of mature wood growth rings formed under soil moisture extremes were determined to investigate the possibility of drought-caused reductions in lignin deposition for the southern pines. A well-defined set of slash (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), longleaf (Pinus palustris Mill.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) increment cores were processed to excise growth rings formed during multiyear periods of above- (wet) or below-normal (drought) soil moisture. The average acid-insoluble (Klason) lignin content of the resultant drought-formed slash pine wood samples was signifcantly lower...

The year 2020 was unlike any other in recent United States and world history as a result of the 2019 COVID-19 coronavirus disease wreaking havoc on world health and nearly shuttering the global economy. Presented in this report are data and information on the current state of the U.S. economy and wood products markets and near-term prospects. This report is supported by conventional information and statistical data concerning forest products in terms of consumption, consumer credit, industrial production, prices, and trade. Market development information is offered for sawn softwood and...

Data from citizen science (CS) projects (and some social media) can offer selected samples with extensive information about human interactions with the natural world. Independently, we elicit levels of engagement with the eBird project from members of the eBird CS project and from a general- population sample. The general-population sample allows an ordered-probit model to explain propensities to engage with eBird at different levels, which we transfer to predict selection-correction terms for our independent sample of eBird members. We illustrate our method with a question posed only to...

The 1994 Northwest Forest Plan signified a watershed moment for natural resource management on federal lands in the Pacific Northwest. It established clear priorities for ecologically motivated management of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity conservation on nearly 10 million hectares of public lands in Oregon, Washington, and northern California. Conservation reserves were the primary means of safeguarding remaining old forest and riparian habitats, and the populations of northern spotted owl, marbled murrelet, and Pacific salmon that depend on them. As envisioned,...

Species worldwide have begun to shift their range boundaries in response to climate change and other anthropogenic causes, with population declines at the trailing edge of a species' range often foreshadowing future changes in core parts of the range. Therefore, we analyzed a 30‐year (1991-2019) data set for the California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) near its southern range boundary in southern California, USA, that included the largest regional population (San Bernardino Mountains) to estimate trends in territory occupancy and reproduction. We then assessed how these...