Treesearch
Displaying 6,461 - 6,470 of 64,649 Publications- Urbanization has a homogenizing effect on biodiversity and leads to communities with fewer native species and lower conservation value. However, few studies have explored whether or how land management by urban residents can ameliorate the deleterious effects of this homogenization on species composition. We tested the effects of local (land management) and neighborhood-scale (impervious surface and tree canopy cover) features on breeding bird diversity in six US metropolitan areas that differ in regional species pools and climate. We used a Bayesian multiregion community model to assess...AuthorsSusannah B. Lerman, Desirée L. Narango, Meghan L. Avolio, Anika R. Bratt, Jesse M. Engebretson, Peter M. Groffman, Sharon J. Hall, James B. Heffernan, Sarah E. Hobbie, Kelli L. Larson, Dexter H. Locke, Christopher Neill, Kristen C. Nelson, Josep Padullés Cubino, Tara L. E. TrammellKeywordsSourceEcological ApplicationsYear2021
- Due to global change, temperate forests are expected to face growing threats to forest health (e.g. insects/disease) and increasing probabilities of severe disturbances (e.g. wildfires), which may result in amplified tree mortality against a backdrop of a changing climate and associated ecosystem/atmospheric feedbacks (i.e. increased rates of dead wood decay/combustion). Despite these expectations, we lack a fundamental understanding of current forest biomass trends among live and dead components across large spatial and temporal domains. The goal of this study was to examine changes in...AuthorsChristopher W. W. Woodall, S. Fraver, Sonja Oswalt, Sara A. Goeking, Grant M. Domke, M.B. RussellKeywordsSourceEnvironmental Research LettersYear2021
- Soil health is a key element in enhancing agricultural production, environmental sustainability, and food system resilience (Farnsworth 2015; Stevens 2018). The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) defines soil health as "the continued capacity of soil to function as a vital living ecosystem that sustains plants, animals, and humans" (Pankhurst et al. 1997; Farnsworth 2015; Bowman et al. 2016). A common theme points to soil health as an indicator of the soil's ability to support life, withstand environmental stresses, and endure as an important part of a resilient ecosystem....AuthorsRoderick M. Rejesus, Serkan Aglasan, Lynn G. Knight, Michel A. Cavigelli, Curtis J. Dell, Erin D. Lane, David HollingerKeywordsSourceJournal of Soil and Water ConservationYear2021
- The atmospheric boundary layer mediates the exchange of energy, matter, and momentum between the land surface and the free troposphere, integrating a range of physical, chemical, and biological processes and is defined as the lowest layer of the atmosphere (ranging from a few meters to 3 km). In this review, we investigate how continuous, automated observations of the atmospheric boundary layer can enhance the scientific value of co-located eddy covariance measurements of land-atmosphere fluxes of carbon, water, and energy, as are being made at FLUXNET sites worldwide. We highlight four...AuthorsManuel Helbig, Tobias Gerken, Eric R. Beamesderfer, Dennis D. Baldocchi, Tirtha Banerjee, Sébastien C. Biraud, William O.J. Brown, Nathaniel A. Brunsell, Elizabeth Burakowski, Sean P. Burns, Brian J. Butterworth, W. Stephen Chan, Kenneth J. Davis, Ankur R. Desai, Jose D. Fuentes, David Hollinger, Natascha Kljun, Matthias Mauder, Kimberly A. Novick, John M. Perkins, David A. Rahn, Camilo Rey-Sanchez, Joseph A. Santanello, Russell L. Scott, Bijan Seyednasrollah, Paul C. Stoy, Ryan C. Sullivan, Jordi Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, Sonia Wharton, Chuixiang Yi, Andrew D. RichardsonKeywordsSourceAgricultural and Forest MeteorologyYear2021
- In resource management, new terms are frequently introduced, reflecting ongoing evolution in the theory and practice of ecology and governance. Yet understandings of what new concepts mean, for whom, and what they imply for management on the ground can vary widely. Coexistence—a prominent concept within the literature and practices around human-wildlife conflict and predator management—is one such term: widely invoked and yet poorly defined. While for some coexistence is the latest paradigm in improving human-wildlife relations, the concept remains debated and indeed even hotly contested...AuthorsJeffrey V. Martin, Kathleen Epstein, Robert M. Anderson, Susan CharnleyKeywordsSourceFrontiers in Conservation Science. 2: 707068.Year2021
- Evergreen conifer forests are the most prevalent land cover type in North America. Seasonal changes in the color of evergreen forest canopies have been documented with near-surface remote sensing, but the physiological mechanisms underlying these changes, and the implications for photosynthetic uptake, have not been fully elucidated. Here, we integrate on-the-ground phenological observations, leaf-level physiological measurements, near surface hyperspectral remote sensing and digital camera imagery, towerbased CO2 flux measurements, and a predictive model to simulate seasonal canopy color...AuthorsBijan Seyednasrollah, David R. Bowling, Rui Cheng, Barry A. Logan, Troy S. Magney, Christian Frankenberg, Julia C. Yang, Adam M. Young, Koen Hufkens, M. Altaf Arain, T. Andrew Black, Peter D. Blanken, Rosvel Bracho, Rachhpal Jassal, David Hollinger, Beverly E. Law, Zoran Nesic, Andrew D. RichardsonKeywordsSourceNew PhytologistYear2021
- Springs are ecosystems influenced by the exposure of groundwater at the Earth's surface. Springs are abundant and have played important, highly interactive ecological, cultural, and socio-economic roles in arid, mesic, and subaqueous environments throughout human evolution and history. However, springs also are widely regarded as being highly threatened by human impacts. Cantonati et al. (2020a) recommended increased global awareness of springs, including basic mapping, inventory and assessment of the distribution and ecological integrity of springs. We conducted a preliminary global...Authors., Lawrence E. Stevens, Anwar A. Aly, Sarah M. Arpin, Iva Apostolova, Gail M. Ashley, Paulo Quadri Barba, Jose Barquín, Aude Beauger, Lahcen Benaabidate, Sami Ullah Bhat, Lhoussaine Bouchaou, Marco Cantonati, Teresa M. Carroll, Russell Death, Kathleen A. Dwire, Miguel Fernandes Felippe, Roderick J. Fensham, Alan E. Fryar, Roger Pascual i Garsaball, Vojsava Gjoni, Douglas S. Glazier, Nico Goldscheider, Joseph T. Gurrieri, Ragnhildur Guðmundsdóttir, Atzalan Rodriguez Guzman, Michal Hájek, Kristian Hassel, Tamara Heartsill Scalley, Jaume Solé i Herce, Dirk Hinterlang, Joseph H. Holway, Jari Ilmonen, Jeffrey Jenness, Jutta Kapfer, Ioannis Karaouzas, Robert L. Knight, Agnes-Katharina Kreiling, Christian Herrera Lameli, Jeri D. Ledbetter, Nataly Levine, Melinda D. Lyons, Robert E. Mace, Angeliki Mentzafou, Pierre Marle, Nils Moosdorf, Monica K. Norton, Allan Pentecost, Guillermo García Pérez, Bianca Perla, Abdullah A. Saber, Donald Sada, Stefano Segadelli, Kamilla Skaalsveen, Abraham E. Springer, Susan K. Swanson, Benjamin F. Schwartz, Peter Sprouse, Memory Tekere, Benjamin W. Tobin, Ernest Azwindini Tshibalo, Olivier VoldoireKeywordsSourceEarth Systems and Environmental Sciences,Reference Module, ElsevierYear2021
- Breeding dispersal, the movement from one breeding territory to another, is rare for philopatric species that evolved within relatively stable environments, such as the oldgrowth coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest. Although dispersal is not inherently maladaptive, the consequences of increased dispersal on population dynamics in populations whose historical dispersal rates are low could be significant, particularly for a declining species. We examined rates and possible causes of breeding dispersal based on a sample of 4,118 northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina)...AuthorsJulianna M. Jenkins, Damon B. Lesmeister, Eric D. Forsman, Katie M. Dugger, Steven H. Ackers, L. Steven Andrews, Scott A. Gremel, Bruce Hollen, Chris E. McCafferty, M. Shane Pruett, Janice A. Reid, Stan G. Sovern, J. David. WiensKeywordsSourceEcological Applications. 31(7): 735-753.Year2021
- Disturbances, both natural and anthropogenic, affect the configuration, composition, and function of forested ecosystems. Complex system behaviors emerge from the interactions between disturbance regimes, the vegetation response to those disturbances, and their interplay with multiple drivers (climate, topography, land use, etc.) across spatial and temporal scales. Here, we summarize conceptual advances and empirical approaches to disturbance interaction investigation, and used those insights to evaluate and categorize 146 landscape modeling studies emerging from a systematic review of the...AuthorsBrian R. R. Sturtevant, Marie-Josée FortinKeywordsSourceFrontiers in Ecology and EvolutionYear2021
- As part of national biosecurity programs, cargo imports, passenger baggage, and international mail are inspected at ports of entry to verify compliance with phytosanitary regulations and to intercept potentially damaging nonnative species to prevent their introduction. Detection of organisms during inspections may also provide crucial information about the species composition and relative arrival rates in invasion pathways that can inform the implementation of other biosecurity practices such as quarantines and surveillance. In most regions, insects are the main taxonomic group encountered...AuthorsRebecca M. Turner, Eckehard G. Brockerhoff, Cleo Bertelsmeier, Rachael E. Blake, Barney Caton, Alex James, Alan MacLeod, Helen F. Nahrung, Stephen M. Pawson, Michael J. Plank, Deepa S. Pureswaran, Hanno Seebens, Takehiko Yamanaka, Andrew M. LiebholdKeywordsSourceEcological ApplicationsYear2021