Treesearch

Many exotic tree species have been imported into Puerto Rico for their wood, fruit, and use as coffee shade and ornamentals. Some of these trees have naturalized (reproduced without human intervention) and some have escaped into natural forests. At least 118 exotic species are reproducing in Puerto Rico. Estimates are given for the general rate of spread and future abundance of each species as well as the environmental requirements. Species that are abundant, widespread, and competing in natural stands, as well as those likely to do so in the future, are identified.

The fire ant Solenopsis invicta recently invaded in Puerto Rico. Its presence has created great alarm among farmers and the public. This work reviews the ecology of this ant in the United States, Brazil and Puerto Rico in order to clarify some misconceptions. Information is provided to separate Solenopsis invicta from S. geminata. Colony foundation, caste differentiation, venom toxicity, and damage to agricultural crops and wildlife are discussed. The evidence supporting the damaging capabilities and ways to control this fire ant are examined.