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- Improved forest management (IFM), particularly the transition of even-aged forests to continuous cover forestry (CCF), is gaining attention as a management approach that may contribute to climate change mitigation by enhancing forest carbon sequestration and maintaining soil carbon storage. CCF aims to maintain continuous tree cover over time by using selective harvesting and natural regeneration instead of clear-cutting (CC), and is promoted as a forest management method that enhances productivity, ecological, and social benefits. Using a Scots pine stand management in Poland, we evaluated...AuthorsRafal Chudy, Frederick Cubbage, Kathleen McGinley, Jacek Siry, Karolina ChudyKeywordsSourceJournal of Forest Business ResearchYear2025
- The Black-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) is one of the most widely distributed heron species worldwide, absent only from Australasia and the far northern Holarctic. Notable for its pronounced phenotypic and genetic variability in plumage, the species occasionally exhibits rare chromatic aberrations such as melanism, leucism and albinism. These phenomena provide valuable insights into adaptability, underlying genetic mechanisms and ecological and evolutionary implications. Here, we summarize the frequency and geographic distribution of documented plumage aberrations of the...AuthorsWayne J. Arendt, María M. Paulino, Luis R. Paulino, Danilo A. MejíaKeywordsSourceJournal of Heron Biology and ConservationYear2025
- Models project that climate change is increasing the frequency of severe storm events such as hurricanes. Hurricanes are an important driver of ecosystem structure and function in tropical coastal and island regions and thus impact tropical forest carbon (C) cycling. We used the DayCent model to explore the effects of increased hurricane frequency on humid tropical forest C stocks and fluxes at decadal and centennial timescales. The model was parameterized with empirical data from the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF), Puerto Rico. The DayCent model replicated the well-documented cyclical...AuthorsOmar Gutierez del Arroyo-Santiago, Hartman Melannie D., Silver WhendeeKeywordsSourceEcosystemsYear2025
- AuthorsCarter Kelsey R., Cavaleri Molly A., Atkin Owen K., Bahar Nur H. A., Cheesman Alexander W., Choury Zineb, Crous Kristine Y., Doughty Christopher E., Dusenge Mirindi E., Kim S. Elvy, John R. Evans, Jessica Fonseca da Silva, Alida Mau, Belinda E. Medlyn, Patrick Meir, Richard J. Norby, Jennifer Read, Sasha C. Reed, Peter B. Reich, Alistar Rogers, Shawn P Serbin, Martijn Slot, Elsa C. Schwartz, Edgar S. Trisbury, Johan Uddling, Angelica Varhammar, Anthony P. Walker, Klaus Winter, Tana E. Wood, Jun WuKeywordsSourceAnnals of BotanyYear2025
- Tropical forests are a dominant regulator of the global carbon cycle, exchanging more carbon dioxide with the atmosphere than any other terrestrial biome. Climate models predict unprecedented climatic warming in tropical regions in the coming decades; however, in situ field warming studies are severely lacking in tropical forests. Here we present results from an in situ warming experiment in Puerto Rico, where soil respiration responses to +4 oC warming were assessed half-hourly for a year. Soil respiration rates were 42- 204% higher in warmed relative to ambient plots, representing some...AuthorsTana E. Wood, Tucker Colin, Aura M. Alonso-Rodríguez, M. Isabel Loza, Iana F. Grullón-Penkova, Molly A. Cavaleri, Sasha C. ReedSourceNature CommunicationsYear2025
- Following rapid climate change, tundra plant communities are experiencing extensive compositional shifts. A conservation concern is the potential encroachment of boreal species into the tundra (‘borealisation’). Tundra borealisation has been sporadically reported, but not systematically quantified. Here, we synthesised data from across 32 study areas, spanning 1137 plots and 287 vascular plant species, resurveyed between 1981 and 2023. We (i) quantified tundra borealisation as the colonisation and increase in abundance of Boreal and Boreal-Tundra species, (ii) assessed biogeographical,...AuthorsPetr Macek, Jeremy L. May, Anders Michelsen, Signe Normand, Siri L. Olsen, Eric Post, Riikla Rinnan, Niels Martin Schmidt, Sofie Sjogersten, Anne Tolvanen, Joachim P. Topper, Andrew Trant, Vigdis Vandvik, Tage Vowles, Mariana Garcia Criado, Isabel C. Barrio, James D. M. Speed, Anne D. Bjorkman, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Rien Aerts, Juha M. Alatalo, Katlyn R. Betway-May, Robert G. Bjork, Mats P. Bjorman, Daan Blok, Elisabeth J. Cooper, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, William A. Gould, Ranghild Gya, Greg H. R. Henry, Luise Hermanutz, Robert D. Hollister, Annika K. Jagerbrand, Ingjbjorg Jonsdottir, Elina Kaarlejarvi, Olga Khitun, Simone I. LangKeywordsSourceEcology LettersYear2025
- Understanding thermal stress in tropical forests has taken on new urgency in light of accelerating climate change and expansion of deforestation and forest degradation. Degraded tropical forests in particular may be approaching critical temperature thresholds even more rapidly than intact forests, with implications for tree survival and ecosystem recovery. We investigate thermal stress in degraded tropical forests within the Brazilian Amazon Arc of Deforestation. Using land surface temperature data from the ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on the international Space...AuthorsSavannah S Cooley, Michael Keller, Marcos Longo, Ovidiu Csillik, Andre P Dias, Vinicius Silgueiro, Raquel Carvalho, Doug Anderson, Micah Gilbreath, Paul Duffy, Marcos Adami, Kerry Cawse-Nicholson, Duncan N L MengeKeywordsSourceEnvironmental ResearchYear2025
- We studied the stoichiometry of 6 forest stands dominated by Spathodea campanulata (African Tulip Tree; hereafter Spathodea) on alluvial (n = 3) and karst (n = 3) substrates in the north-central region of Puerto Rico. The stands were on lands previously used for Saccharum officinarum (Sugar Cane) cultivation, subsistence agriculture, and grazing, and are representative of novel forest emergence and secondary succession in the study region. The functioning of these novel forests is poorly understood, and we sought to improve our understanding by studying the stoichiometry of forest stands...AuthorsAriel Lugo, Oscar J. Abelleira MartínezSourceCaribbean NaturalistYear2025
- 1. Long-term litterfall trends are unexplored in hurricane-prone regions but are needed to understand the consequences of altered hurricane regimes. In a wet tropical forest in northeastern Puerto Rico, we monitored litterfall mass (leaf fall, <2.5 cm diameter wood fall and miscellaneous), litterfall carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and stream nitrate every 2 weeks for 29 years (1989–2017). 2. Litterfall from the nine observed hurricanes averaged 500 gm−2 hurricane−1 (CV = 90%), nearly half of the long-term mean of 951 gm−2 year−1. Hurricane generated leaf fall and wood fall increased with...AuthorsH. E. Erickson, Grizelle Gonzalez, W.H. McDowell, J.D. PotterKeywordsSourceJournal of EcologyYear2025
- Global climate change phenomena are amplified in Arctic regions, driving rapid changes in the biota. Here, we examine changes in plant community structure over more than 30 years at two sites in arctic Alaska, USA, Imnavait Creek and Toolik Lake, to understand long-term trends in tundra response to changing climate. Vegetation cover was sampled every 4–7 years on permanent 1 m2 plots spanning a 1 km2 grid using a point-frame. The vascular plant canopies progressively closed at both locations. Canopy cover, defined here as an encounter of a vascular plant above the ground surface, increased...AuthorsKatlyn R. Betway‐May, William A. Gould, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Jeremy L. May, Robert D. Hollister, Steven F. Oberbauer, Amy Breen, Benjamin J. Crain, Ana Maria Sanchez Cuervo, Marilyn D. Walker, Donald A. WalkerKeywordsSourceGlobal Change BiologyYear2025