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Displaying 281 - 290 of 1,330 Publications
- AuthorsMercedes Bustamante, Eileen Helmer, Steven Schill, Jayne Belnap, Laura K. Brown, Ernesto Brugnoli, Jana E. Compton, Richard H. Coupe, Marcello Hernández-Blanco, Forest Isbell, Julie Lockwood, Juan Pablo Lozoya Ascárate., David McGuire, Anibal Pauchard, Ramon Pichs-Madruga, Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Gerardo Arturo Sanchez- Azofeifa, Alvaro Soutullo, Avelino Suarez, Elizabeth TrouttKeywordsSourceIn IPBES (2018): The IPBES regional assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services for the Americas.Year2018
- Clouds and cloud shadows block land surface information in optical satellite images. Accurate detection of clouds and cloud shadows can help exclude these contaminated pixels in further applications. Existing cloud screening methods are challenged by cloudy regions where most of satellite images are contaminated by clouds. To solve this problem for landscapes where the typical frequency of cloud-free observations of a pixel is too small to use existing methods to mask clouds and shadows, this study presents a new Automatic Time-Series Analysis (ATSA) method to screen clouds and cloud...AuthorsXiaolin Zhu, Eileen HelmerKeywordsSourceRemote Sensing of EnvironmentYear2018
- Recent droughts in Puerto Rico and throughout the Caribbean have emphasized the region's agricultural vulnerability to this hazard and the increasing need for adaptation mechanisms to support sustainable production. In this study, we assessed the geographic extent of agricultural conservation practices incentivized by US Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and evaluated their large-scale contribution to drought adaptability. We identified concentrations of drought-related practices (e.g. cover crops, ponds) applied between 2000 and 2016. Using information...AuthorsNora Alvarez-Berrios, Sandra Soto-Bayó, Eva Holupchinski, Stephen J. Fain, William A. GouldKeywordsSourceRenewable Agriculture and Food SystemsYear2018
- We studied the response to hurricanes of 2 Pinus caribaea Morelet var. hondurensis Barr. & Golf. (Honduran Pine) plantations and paired secondary forests over a period of 32 years (1982 to 2014). Plantations differed in age (38 and 53.5 years old), as did the paired secondary forests. The study included the passage of 2 hurricanes (1989 and 1998). The hurricanes altered forest structure by lowering the basal area and tree density, accelerated tree mortality to over 5% per year and ingrowth rate to over 200 stems/ha at the Cubuy plantation, caused variability and reduction in individual...AuthorsAriel Lugo, Carlos Rodriguez, Ian Fermont, Ivan VicensKeywordsSourceCaribbean NaturalistYear2018
- Tropical tree species have evolved under very narrow temperature ranges compared to temperate forest species. Studies suggest that tropical trees may be more vulnerable to continued warming compared to temperate species, as tropical trees have shown declines in growth and photosynthesis at elevated temperatures. However, regional and global vegetation models lack the data needed to accurately represent such physiological responses to increased temperatures, especially for tropical forests. To address this need, we compared instantaneous photosynthetic temperature responses of mature canopy...AuthorsAlida Mau, Sasha Reed, Tana E. Wood, Molly CavaleriSourceForestsYear2018
- NASA's Black Marble nighttime lights product suite (VNP46) is available at 500m resolution since January 2012 with data from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band (DNB) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Platform (SNPP). The retrieval algorithm, developed and implemented for routine global processing at NASA's Land Science Investigator-led Processing System (SIPS), utilizes all high-quality, cloud-free, atmospheric-, terrain-, vegetation-, snow-, lunar-, and stray light-corrected radiances to estimate daily nighttime lights (NTL) and other intrinsic...AuthorsMiguel O. Román, Zhuosen Wang, Qingsong Sun, Virginia Kalb, Steven D. Miller, Andrew Molthan, Lori Schultz, Jordan Bell, Eleanor C. Stokes, Bhartendu Pandey, Karen C. Seto, Dorothy Hall, Tomohiro Oda, Robert E. Wolfe, Gary Lin, Navid Golpayegani, Sadashiva Devadiga, Carol Davidson, Sudipta Sarkar, Cid Praderas, Jeffrey Schmaltz, Ryan Boller, Joshua Stevens, Olga Ramos, Elizabeth Padilla, José Alonso, Yasmín Detrés, Roy Armstrong, Ismael Miranda, Yasmín Conte, Nitza Marrero, Kytt MacManus, Thomas Esch, Edward J. MasuokaKeywordsSourceRemote Sensing of EnvironmentYear2018
- AuthorsGuillermo Ortiz-Colón, Stephen J. Fain, Isabel K. Parés, Jaime Curbelo-Rodríguez, Esbal Jiménez-Cabán, Melvin Pagán-Morales, William A. GouldKeywordsSourceClimatic ChangeYear2018
- Tree mortality rates appear to be increasing in moist tropical forests (MTFs) with significant carbon cycle consequences. Here, we review the state of knowledge regarding MTF tree mortality, create a conceptual framework with testable hypotheses regarding the drivers, mechanisms and interactions that may underlie increasing MTF mortality rates, and identify the next steps for improved understanding and reduced prediction. Increasing mortality rates are associated with rising temperature and vapor pressure deficit, liana abundance, drought, wind events, fire and, possibly,CO2 fertilization-i...AuthorsNate McDowell, Craig D. Allen, Kristina Anderson-Teixeira, Paulo Brando, Roel Brienen, Jeff Chambers, Brad Christoffersen, Stuart Davies, Chris Doughty, Alvaro Duque, Fernando Espirito-Santo, Rosie Fisher, Clarissa G. Fontes, David Galbraith, Devin Goodsman, Charlotte Grossiord, Henrik Hartmann, Jennifer Holm, Daniel J. Johnson, Abd Rahman Kassim, Michael Keller, Charlie Koven, Lara Kueppers, Tomo'omi Kumagai, Yadvinder Malhi, Sean M. McMahon, Maurizio Mencuccini, Patrick Meir, Paul Moorcroft, Helene C. Muller-Landau, Oliver L. Phillips, Thomas Powell, Carlos A. Sierra, John Sperry, Jeff Warren, Chonggang Xu, Xiangtao XuKeywordsSourceNew PhytologistYear2018
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the soil may influence tropical tree dynamics and forest succession. The mechanisms are poorly understood, because the functional characteristics and abundances of tree species and AM fungi are likely to be codependent. We used generalized joint attribute modeling to evaluate if AM fungi are associated with three forest community metrics for a sub-tropical montane forest in Puerto Rico. The metrics chosen to reflect changes during forest succession are the abundance of seedlings of different successional status, the amount of foliar damage on seedlings...AuthorsBenedicte Bachelot, María Uriarte, Robert Muscarella, Jimena Forero-Montaña, Jill Thompson, Krista McGuire, Jess Zimmerman, Nathan G. Swenson, James S. ClarkKeywordsSourceEcologyYear2018
- Secondary forests account for more than half of tropical forests and represent a growing carbon sink, but rates of biomass accumulation vary by a factor of two or more even among plots in the same landscape. To better understand the drivers of this variability, we used airborne lidar to measure forest canopy height and estimate biomass over 4529 ha at Serra do Conduru Park in Southern Bahia, Brazil. We measured trees in 30 georeferenced field plots (0.25-ha each) to estimate biomass using allometry. Then we estimated aboveground biomass density (ABD) across the lidar study area using a...AuthorsJustin M. Becknell, Michael Keller, Daniel Piotto, Marcos Longo, Maiza Nara dos-Santos, Marcos A. Scaranello, Rodrigo Bruno de Oliveira Cavalcante, Stephen PorderSourceBiotropicaYear2018