Treesearch

Este documento fue elaborado por el Instituto de Ciencias Climáticas Aplicadas del Norte en colaboración con el Centro Climático de Bosques del Norte del Departamento de Agricultura de los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica. La Guía rápida se desarrolló como punto de acceso para la planificación a la adaptación al cambio climático para profesionales de recursos naturales. Es paralela a una guía de adaptación desarrollada específicamente para fideicomisos de tierras en colaboración con “Land Trust Alliance”, Guía rápida de planificación a la adaptación para fideicomisos de tierras, pero se...

Freshwater catchments can experience nutrient deficits that result in reduced primary and secondary productivity. The most commonly limiting nutrients are nitrogen and phosphorus, either separately or together. This review considers the impact of increasing nutrient limitation in temperate basin stream and river systems, focusing on upland areas that currently or previously supported wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations.Anthropogenic changes to land use and increases in river barriers have altered upland nutrient dynamics, with particular impacts on salmon and other migratory...

The New York metropolitan area has well over 500 woody plant species growing without cultivation in its wild flora, and the species composition and distributions of these species are changing. For example, numerous native species that were once common are today exceedingly rare. Conversely, many introduced, nonnative species are becoming increasingly common. A new manual was deemed necessary to document these and other changes in the New York Metropolitan Region, which encompasses 25 counties within a radius of 80.5 km of New York, NY. We used records developed by the New York Metropolitan...

We incubated 196 large-diameter aspen (Populus tremuloides), birch (Betula papyrifera), and pine (Pinus taeda) logs on the FACE Wood Decomposition Experiment encompassing eight climatically-distinct forest sites in the United States. We sampled dead wood from these large-diameter logs after 2 to 6 y of decomposition and determined wood rot type as a continuous variable using the lignin loss/density loss ratio (L/D) and assessed wood-rotting fungal guilds using high-throughput amplicon sequencing (HTAS) of the ITS-2 marker. We found L/ D values in line with a white rot dominance in all...

This article considers the urgency of additional NOx and SOx emissions reductions through the implementation of secondary standard regulations to protect sensitive ecosystems.

Peatlands at high latitudes have accumulated >400 Pg carbon (C) because saturated soil and cold temperatures suppress C decomposition. This substantial amount of C in Arctic and Boreal peatlands is potentially subject to increased decomposition if the water table (WT) decreases due to climate change, including permafrost thaw-related drying. Here, we optimize a version of the Organizing Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems model (ORCHIDEE-PCH4) using site-specific observations to investigate changes in CO2 and CH4 fluxes as well as C stock responses to an experimentally manipulated...

Sphagnum-dominated peatlands store more carbon than all of Earth’s forests, playing a large role in the balance of carbon dioxide. However, these carbon sinks face an uncertain future as the changing climate is likely to cause water stress, potentially reducing Sphagnum productivity and transitioning peatlands to carbon sources. A mesocosm experiment was performed on thirty-two peat cores collected from two peatland landforms: elevated mounds (hummocks) and lower, flat areas of the peatland (hollows). Both rainfall treatments and water tables were manipulated, and CO2 fluxes were measured....

Walnut (Juglans) species are economically important hardwood trees. The Persian walnut as a woody nut crop is limited by an incomplete understanding of the diversity and spatial genetic structure of the species’ wild germplasm, and the relationship of the secondary germplasm pool of walnut (wild and landrace walnuts) to improved cultivars. To better understand walnut’s breeding, we sequenced the genomes of 309 walnut accessions from around the world. The results revealed core areas of genetic diversity of Persian walnut germplasm were southwestern China and southern Asia near the Qinghai-Ti...

Small surface-release dams are prevalent across North American watersheds and can alter stream flow, thermal regimes, nutrient dynamics, and sediment transport. These dams are often implicated as a cause of negative water quality impacts—including reduced dissolved oxygen (DO)—and dam removal is increasingly employed to restore natural stream processes and improve DO. Published impacts of small dams on DO vary widely across sites, and even less is known about the extent and timescale of DO recovery following removal. Therefore, we sought to quantify the effects of small dams and dam...

Masting is a population-level reproductive strategy, where individuals synchronize large but intermittent seed production. Despite the high degree of synchrony at the population level, there can be considerable variation in reproduction among individuals (intraspecific variation). Here, we use 18 years of acorn production data from individual chestnut oak and black oak from control and thinned stands, to understand what factors influence individual differences in reproductive effort and variability. We included a variety of tree-level measurements, environmental characteristics, and...