Treesearch

Photographs that clearly disclose avian-nest predators are difficult to obtain, particularly when predators are small and exhibit subtle depredatory behavior. We exposed House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) eggs injected with Rhodamine B dye in camera-monitored ground nests for 12-d periods at 76 sites within mixed-hardwood forest stands in central Massachusetts, June-July 1997. Dye-injected eggs enabled us to recognize with certainty when eggs were breached at the nest because their contents were fluorescent pink and readily detected photographically. Eleven potential predator species were...

Many studies have taken place that seek to gain an understanding of the influences upon attachment to special places. These studies have been largely qualitative in nature and have succeeded in identifying quantifiable variables that can be useful in measuring basic levels of attachment to special places, e.g., length of time that one has been associated with special places and number of times per year that one visits his/her special places. While most studies have been predominately used to describe the importance of specific places to people who visit those places, this study seeks to...

Butternut (Juglans cinerea L.) has many fine qualities as a nut species, however, it has never been commercially important. Although the nut is very edible, only a few cultivars have been selected that have desirable nut size and cracking qualities. In the last 20 years there has been a dramatic decline in the number of butternut in native stands caused to a large extent by the lack of natural reproduction and a damaging canker disease. Evidence suggests that superior, disease resistant trees can be propagated and if isolated from areas where the disease is prevalent, may remain disease-fre...

NED is a collective term for a set of software intended to help resource managers develop goals, assess current and potential conditions, and produce sustainable management plans for forest properties. The software tools are being developed by the USDA Forest Service, Northeastern and Southern Research Stations, in cooperation with many other collaborators. NED-1 is a Windows-based program that helps analyze forest inventory data from the perspective of various resources on management areas as large as several thousand hectares. Resources addressed include visual quality, ecology, forest...

Forests have played a significant role in the development of American culture values. Research has consistently demonstrated that a wide range of benefits accrues to people from contact with natural environments such as forest. Governmnetal agencies provide access to forest and support various forestry programs. It is generally known that African Americans are underrepresented in forestry and forest-related activities. However, African Americans have historical ties to forest that are not well understood by natural resources professionals.

This article presents the major challenges facing those who want to address the issues of race and ethnicity through research with communities of color; general methodological recommendations appropriate to many communities of color; and, specific research method recommendations for African American, American Indian, and Hispanic American communities.

White pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fisch) (WPBR) was discovered on Ribes L. in New York in 1906, although it was accidentially introduced from Europe on pine (Pinus L.) seedlings. The spread of this destructive fungus has changed the focus in North America. After decades of reduced planting because of the concern over the impact of WPRB, white pine (Pinus strobus L.) is now being restored in the lake states of Minnesota, Wiscconsin, and Michigan. Although the potential for growing white pine is high on many sites, the disapperances of a seed source because of logging and...

Hybrid poplars are being grown throughout many regions of the world for purposes including the production of fiber and energy, ornamental landscape plantings, and soil stabilization. Disease has often been responsible for planting failures resulting in poplars being labeled the universal host to many damaging pathogens. However, many of the poplar species and their hybrids are not native to the areas where they are being planted and so they do not have resistance to the local pathogen populations they are exposed to. Currently research is aimed at detecting pathogenic variation in populatio...

A glance through the table of contents of any social science journal illustrates that social science disciplines define community quite differently. For example, geographers emphasize spatial aspects, economists emphasize work and markets, and sociologists emphasize social interactions and networks in their definitions of communities. As a scientific concept, community is very broad and difficult to define. Forty-five years ago, Hillery (1955) found 94 different definitions of community in the scientific literature, all using some combination of space, people, and social interactions in...

We used aerial photographs from 1939, 1974, and 1990 to examine how land cover has changed on the 5,286-ha Charles C. Deam Wilderness of Hoosier National Forest over this time span. Digital elevation models were used to examine changes in land-cover class (closed-canopy forest, open forest, agriculture/old-field, clearcut, and pine plantation) within each land type (flat uplands, bottoms, mesic slopes, and dry slopes). In 1939 most of the Deam Wilderness lands consisted of agriculture/old fields (33%) and open forest (25.6%), with only 41.4 % in closed-canopy forest. By 1974 most of the...