Treesearch

Severe late spring frosts can kill new shoots and leaves on commercial tree species at higher elevations. A previous short-term study has shown that the resulting defoliation and dieback does not seriously affect the radial growth or mortality of most species except American beech. In this study we found that defoliation, dieback, and radial growth increment were related to species and crown class. The radial growth increment of American beech was reduced to 70% of the previous 6-yr growth during the first year after the frost. The annual growth then increased consistently over the...

Geographic information systems and remote sensing techniques are powerful tools in the analysis of long-term changes in vegetation and land use, especially because spatial information from two or more time intervals can be compared more readily than by manual methods. A primary restriction is the paucity of data that has been digitized from earlier periods. The Illinois State GIS has a number of automated data sets containing land-use information, including original land survey plat maps that show the boundaries of forests, prairies, and wetlands as they existed prior to European colonizati...

ECOST utilizes data from stand inventory, cruise data, and the logging plan for the tract in question. The program produces detailed stump-to-mill cost estimates for specific proposed timber sales. These estimates are then utilized, in combination with specific landowner objectives, to assess the economic feasibility of cable logging a given area. The program output is summarized in tabular format by harvesting component, and the input parameters are also echoed in a summary table. The manager, logger, or planner can use the estimates in their cable logging planning efforts. The ECOST...

The 1985 annual assessment of pulpwood production and receipts for the 14 states in the Northeast Region shows that production dipped 2 percent since 1984. Roundwood production decreased 3 percent or 168,900 cords, and manufacturing residues decreased 1 percent or 30,300 cord equivalents, thereby bringing total production down to 8,807,000 cords. The consumption of pulpwood at Northeast mills totaled 9,455,100 cords. A 142,300-cord decrease in shipment of wood out of the region caused consumption to decrease less than production. This report is based on a canvass of all pulpmills that use...

Uneven-age management or partial cutting methods as described in this paper allow foresters to manage eastern hardwood stands and harvest forest products without clearcutting. These methods can involve regular periodic harvests, at least for the short term, based on stand conditions and growing-site capabilities. We are not going to make the decision as to which is the better system: even-age or uneven-age management. This is not always a viable question for foresters because in many cases landowners make the decision--No clearcutting!

Adjacent Appalachian hardwood stands in West Virginia established on excellent growing sites were managed for a 34-year period using four regeneration practices. These practices included a commercial clearcut, 15.5-in diameter-limit, and two single-tree selection practices. An uncut area was maintained as a control. Stand development, growth response, and some stumpage revenue data were summarized for each treatment. At 34 years after the initial treatments, the commercial clearcut stand had the greatest variety of tree species for future management. This stand was dominated primarily by...

A control watershed at the Fernow Experimental Watershed effectively neutralizes acids received in precipitation. However, sulfate input by precipitation greatly exceeds sulfate losses as streamflow and watershed acidification is a real concern.

The surface mineral soil beneath an aspen stand contained about 10 times as many bacteria (Corynebacteria, Mycobacteria, and Nocardia) and 30 to 50 percent more fungi (Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Cephalosporium, and Fusarium) than did soil beneath two conifer stands. These organisms were 10 to 1,000 times more abundant in the surface 10 cm than in the next 15 cm. Red pine had more annelids and fewer arachnids in the forest floor than did white spruce and quaking aspen.

Breeding bird communities were compared in three suburbs: a 70-year-old area of large houses along streets shaded by mature trees (MT), primarily oaks (Quercus) and elms (Ulmus); a 15-year-old area built upon open agricultural land with young maple (Acer) street trees (YT); and a 15-year-old area on which houses were built in small clearings within a second-growth oak-pine (Quercus-Pinus) woodland (OP). Bird censuses each year for 5 years revealed that YT supported the lowest total avian density of the three suburbs; OP supported the greatest variety and total density of insectivores, and...

How to do it, that is what this workshop is all about. This proceedings will provide field foresters and landowners with an update of current available information for managing immature Appalachian hardwood stands. We all have dozens of questions and concerns and though several of these will be answered, some will not. Basically, guidelines are "guides" and we asked the authors to make recommendations based on the current literature, their knowledge, and experience. We wanted a "state-of-the-art" proceedings for managing immature Appalachian hardwood stands. Though many of these papers do...